T6 Flashcards
Linguistic
Structuralism: author and definition
Ferdinand de Saussure
Based on the relationship between units and rules.
Language is understood as a set of structures interrelated with each other as signs whose relationship was essentially arbitrary.
Behaviourism: author and definition
Leonard Bloomfield
Language can be studied empirically through observation since it is understood as a set of habits.
Learners acquire language through repetition, through the response to specific stimulus.
Audiolingual and oral situational methods emerged as application of this theory.
Contrastive Linguistics: author and definition
Robert Lado
Comparison between languages.
Similarities favor the acquisition
Differences are the cause of learning difficulties
Generative Grammar: author and definition
Noam Chomsky
Language is a series of complicated and abstract rules that allow the creation of infinite number of sentences
Knowledge is innate
Innate mechanisms are called Language Acquisition Devices
Introduce the concept of Universal Grammar
Language acquisition devices
They allow children to learn some basic features of their language favouring the development of the linguistic competence.
Universal Grammar composition
Performance: infinite external language a speaker can produce
Competence: finite set of internal rules that govern that production
Error analysis: author and definition
Corder
Distinction between errors and mistakes.
Errors provide information about language learning process
Introduced the concept of Transitional Competence = learners’ knowledge
Interlanguage: author and definition
Selinker
To distinguish and describe stages of Second Language Learning.
Its a mix of different influences: elements of 1 language, aspects of Target Language and characteristics that seems to happen in most interlanguage systems.
They are both systematic and dynamic.
Variatonist sociolinguistic: author and definition
Labov
Focused on how language varies according to the social characteristics of the speaker.
We should teach different functions and the skill to adapt the language to a context.
Discourse Adaptation: author and definition
Giles and Smith
Variation of the language according to the speaker’s intention of closeness or separation from the audience.
Acculturation model
Dual process which affects the members of 2 or more cultural groups as each one adapt to the presence of the other.
The social distance of a group of learners will vary depending on: social dominance, size, integration…
Neurolinguistic field authors
Broca and Wernicke
Differences between acquisition and learning
Acquisition is an unconscious process and learning is a concious one.
Through the conscious learning of grammatical rules we can monitor our speech but it does not work when we speak spontaneously.
We should spend time developing acquisition processes in classroom (exposition to the language).
Monitor hypothesis
The acquisition process can be benefit from the monitoring function of the learning process. We must keep a balance.
Introduction 6
- Importance of language
- Communicative competence CEFRL
- C.Bona (2015) communicative meth - communicative citizens
- Appropiate meth to develop communication according to – contributions
- Prospective
