T1

Question 1

Definition of communication

Answer 1

Canale (1980):

• Echange of information between at least 2 individuals
• Shared code
• Production and comprehension processes

Question 2

Stages in comprehension process

Answer 2

1. Perception: from sounds or words
2. Analysis: built up the meaning
3. Use: information is drawn up

Question 3

Stages in the production process

Answer 3

1. Construction: select meanings to transmit
2. Transformation: intentions into a new message
3. Performance: physically express the message

Question 4

Phases of oral language learning

Answer 4

• Prelinguistic phase: up to the 9/12 month. Crying, whispering, imitation of sounds…
• Linguistic development phase: Until 4 years old. In this place children produce words separately and start to make sentences
• Perfecting phase: from 4 onwards

Question 5

Written skills

Answer 5

Reading
Writing
Spelling
Composition

Question 6

Characteristics of oral language

Answer 6

According to Cassany (2015) and Madrid and McLaren (2004):

• Spontaneity and immediacy
• Simple and informational language
• Suprasegmental elements

Question 7

Characteristics of written language

Answer 7

According to Cassany (2015) and Madrid and McLaren (2004):

• Permanence
• Distance
• Processing time
• Planned, complex and formal vocabulary
• Orthography

Question 8

Elements of communication

Answer 8

Roman Jackobson (1995):

1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Channel
4. Code
5. Message
6. Context

• Noise
• Feedback

Question 9

Phases of communication acts

Answer 9

1. Codification
2. Emission
3. Reception
4. Decodification

Question 10

Functions of communication

Answer 10

Roman Jackobson (1995):

• Emotive
• Conative
• Poetic
• Representational
• Metalinguistic
• Phatic

Question 11

Types of contexts

Answer 11

-Linguistic context

-Non linguistic context
+Physical
+Historical
+Sociocultural

Question 12

Advantages of creating a context in the classroom

Answer 12

• Facilitates comprehension of information
• Provides new language with functionality and meaning
• Increase interest and motivation
• We must start with familiar context and use contextual support

Question 13

Principles to follow when teaching and learning a language

Answer 13

Brown (1994)

• Correspondence between meaning and signifier
• Dominant usualness
• Compilation of the diverse manifestations of language
• Practical exercises

Question 14

Physical context

Answer 14

The space where communication is being carried out

Question 15

Historical context

Answer 15

Place and personal circumstances

Question 16

Sociocultural context

Answer 16

Social norms and beliefs that help to understand the communicative situations

Question 17

Correspondence between meaning and signifier:

Answer 17

both language and communication need a material part and a psychic content, interrelated and depending each one on each other

Question 18

Compilation of the diverse manifestations of language

Answer 18

The teaching of vocabulary, reading skill and writing should be developed at specific moments

Question 19

Conative function

Answer 19

It plays an imperative or dominant role. It is carried out when the speaker want to control the behaviour of the receiver

Question 20

Simple and informal language

Answer 20

Repetitive vocabulary
Idioms and interjections
Simple grammar (omissions, disorder) 
Simple connectors
Self corrections and repairs

Question 21

Planned, complex and formal language:

Answer 21

Rich vocabulary
Well structured
Rich grammar
Varied connectors
Subordinated sentences

Question 22

Introduction 1

Answer 22

• Relevance of communication: exchange information, progress, society…
• Communication -KC RD-
• Bona (2015) propose communicative methodologies in order to achieve communicative citizens
• Prospective