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Year 3 > Surgical pathway > Flashcards

Surgical pathway Flashcards

1
Q

What are some things to ask about when taking a surgery GI history ?

A

General: weight loss, pr bleeding, appetite, abdominal pain
Specific: jaundice, pale stools, dark urine, fever

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2
Q

What are some things to ask about when taking a surgery urology history ?

A

Infective: frequency, urgency, dysuria, nocturia
Obstructive: hesitancy, intermittency, poor flow, pis en deux

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3
Q

What are some things to ask about when taking a surgery vascular history ?

A

Non modifiable: age, gender, family history

Modifiable: diabetes, smoking, hypertension, dislipidaemia

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4
Q

What should you always ask if a patient has pain?

A

If they have ever had this pain before and if yes what was the diagnosis

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5
Q

What is the most important thing in a surgical drug history?

A

To establish whether they are on any anticoagulants

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6
Q

What acronym is used to take a history in trauma and what does it stand for?

A 
AMPLE:
Allergies
Medication
Past medical history
Last meal
Events
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7
Q

How is clinical examination done for surgery?

A

Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

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8
Q

How is clinical examination done for surgery in trauma?

A 
ABCDE
Airway
Breathing
Circulation 
Disability
Everything else
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9
Q

What surgical sieve can you use for differential diagnoses if you are unsure?

A 
VITAMIN D
Vascular
Infective
Traumatic
Autoimmune
Metabolic
Iatrogenic
Neoplastic
Drugs
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10
Q

What acronym is used when presenting a condition?

A 
'Dressed in a surgeon's gown physicians might make some progress'
Definiton
Incidence
Age
Sex
Geography
Pathology (micro or macro)
Symptoms and signs
Prognosis
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11
Q

What are some bedside investigations that can be done for surgery?

A

Vitals
Urine dipstick
Pregnancy test

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12
Q

What are some non invasive investigations that can be done for surgery?

A

Erect chest x ray
Ultrasound
CT

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13
Q

What are some invasive investigations that can be done for surgery?

A

Blood tests
Endoscopy
Diagnostic laparoscopy/ laparotomy

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14
Q

What acronym is used to present a chest radiograph?

A 
ABCDE
Adequacy 
Breathing
Cardiac
Diaphragm
Everything else
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15
Q

How many ribs should be visible anteriorly on a chest radiograph?

A

6

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16
Q

How many ribs should be visible posteriorly on a chest radiograph?

A

10

17
Q

On a chest radiograph, how large should the heart be?

A

1/3 of the diameter of the chest

18
Q

How are the right and left hemiphrenic diaphragms different on chest radiographs?

A

The right sits higher than the left

19
Q

What peri operative assessment do all surgical patients need?

A

Venous thromboembolism assessment which balances the patient’s likeliness of bleeding vs clotting

20
Q

How is immediate peri operative management carried out in trauma?

A

Via ABC
First establish if they need to be given oxygen/ nebulisers
Gain IV access if needed, you can catheterise them, give fluids, do blood tests, insert NG tubes etc

21
Q

What are the 3 methods of management for patient?

A

Conservative (watchful waiting)
Medical (eg abx)
Surgical

22
Q

What are the main surgical consent forms and who are they used for?

A

Consent form 1= those over 16
Consent form 2= peads
Consent form 4= for interventions when doctors act based on patients best interest

23
Q

What must the doctor discuss when gaining consent for surgery?

A

Make sure the patient is able to consent
Ensure they understand the procedure and why it needs to be done
Discuss alternate options for care
Make them aware of complications which they would reasonably want to know about

24
Q

What info does the post operative note contain?

A

Oral intake
Anti coagulation
Drains

25
Q

What does post operative pyrexia under 24 hours after the operation indicate?

A

A systemic response to trauma

Pre existing infection

26
Q

What does post operative pyrexia 24-72 hrs after the operation indicate?

A

Pulmonary atelectasis

Chest infection

27
Q

What does post operative pyrexia 3-10 days after the operation indicate?

A 
UTI
DVT
PE
Wound 
Collection
Anastomotic leak
28
Q

How is sepsis treated if suspected?

A

With sepsis 6= 3 in, 3 out
3 in= oxygen, IV fluids, IV abx
3 out= urine output (catheter), blood cultures, lactate

Year 3 (104 decks)

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