MedEd anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

what do pencil cells on blood film suggest?

A

iron deficiency anaemia

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2
Q

what triad indicates colon cancer/

A

hange in bowel habit
pr bleeding
iron deficiency anaemia

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3
Q

in what type of anaemia are poikilocytes/ anisocytes seen?

A

iron deficiency

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4
Q

how does anaemia of chronic disease arise?

A

chronic disease cause a rise in cytokines, this causes a rise in hepcidic

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5
Q

what is ferritin in IDA vs ACD

A
IDA= low
ACD= high or low
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6
Q

what special cells do you see on blood film in iron deficiency anaemia?

A

pokilocytes

anisocytes

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7
Q

when do you have alpha chains as a human?

A

they are always high from birth

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8
Q

when do you have beta chains as a human?

A

from early infancy

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9
Q

when do you have gamma chains as a human?

A

its low but very slowly rises through life

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10
Q

what is sickle cell predisposed by?

A

hypoxia
dehydration
acidosis
any body stress

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11
Q

what are different ways a patient with sickle cell may present?

A
crisis
acute painful crisis
stroke 
sequestration crisis 
chronic cholecysitis
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12
Q

how do you remember how to manage a sickle acute painful crisis?

A
Sickle Acute Painful Crisis:
saturate (supportive o2)
abx if needed 
pain relief
cannula for iv fluids
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13
Q

how is sickle cell diagnosed?

A

HB electrophoresis and blood film

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14
Q

what acronym is used to remember how

A
alcoholics may have liver failure:
alcoholics
myelodysplasia
hypothyroidism
liver fialure
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15
Q

what are the 4 hereditary haemolytic anaemias? describe where dysfunction is for all of them

A

hereditary spherocytosis- membrane
g6pd- enzyme
haemoglobin- sickle cell and thalassaemia

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16
Q

what is seen on blood film in g6pd deficiency? how do you remember this?

A

heinz bodies- beanz meanz heinz- those w g6pd cant have fava beans
bite cells

17
Q

what test is done for hereditary spherocytosis

A

osmotic fragility test

18
Q

what will direct coombs test result be in hereditary spherocytosis?

A

negative

19
Q

what is the triad for haemolytic uraemic syndrome

A

thrombocytopenia
jaundice+ conjunctival pallor
AKI

20
Q

what is present in HUS? why?

A

e coli

causes abdo pain and bloody diarrhoea

21
Q

what are some causes of DIC

A
pancreatitis
sepsis
pregnancy
cancer
trauma
ABO reaction