MedEd anaemia Flashcards
what do pencil cells on blood film suggest?
iron deficiency anaemia
what triad indicates colon cancer/
hange in bowel habit
pr bleeding
iron deficiency anaemia
in what type of anaemia are poikilocytes/ anisocytes seen?
iron deficiency
how does anaemia of chronic disease arise?
chronic disease cause a rise in cytokines, this causes a rise in hepcidic
what is ferritin in IDA vs ACD
IDA= low ACD= high or low
what special cells do you see on blood film in iron deficiency anaemia?
pokilocytes
anisocytes
when do you have alpha chains as a human?
they are always high from birth
when do you have beta chains as a human?
from early infancy
when do you have gamma chains as a human?
its low but very slowly rises through life
what is sickle cell predisposed by?
hypoxia
dehydration
acidosis
any body stress
what are different ways a patient with sickle cell may present?
crisis acute painful crisis stroke sequestration crisis chronic cholecysitis
how do you remember how to manage a sickle acute painful crisis?
Sickle Acute Painful Crisis: saturate (supportive o2) abx if needed pain relief cannula for iv fluids
how is sickle cell diagnosed?
HB electrophoresis and blood film
what acronym is used to remember how
alcoholics may have liver failure: alcoholics myelodysplasia hypothyroidism liver fialure
what are the 4 hereditary haemolytic anaemias? describe where dysfunction is for all of them
hereditary spherocytosis- membrane
g6pd- enzyme
haemoglobin- sickle cell and thalassaemia
what is seen on blood film in g6pd deficiency? how do you remember this?
heinz bodies- beanz meanz heinz- those w g6pd cant have fava beans
bite cells
what test is done for hereditary spherocytosis
osmotic fragility test
what will direct coombs test result be in hereditary spherocytosis?
negative
what is the triad for haemolytic uraemic syndrome
thrombocytopenia
jaundice+ conjunctival pallor
AKI
what is present in HUS? why?
e coli
causes abdo pain and bloody diarrhoea
what are some causes of DIC
pancreatitis sepsis pregnancy cancer trauma ABO reaction
