Superficial Neck

Question 1

name the contents of superficial cervical fascia

Answer 1

platysma
superficial nn & vessels

Question 2

deep cervical fascia forms the ____

Answer 2

carotid sheath

Question 3

name the 3 layers of deep cervical fascia

Answer 3

investing
pretracheal
prevertebral

Question 4

function of deep cervical fascia

Answer 4

• limit infection spread
• reduce friction between moving structures & surgical planes

Question 5

the investing layer of deep cervical fascia surrounds what 2 muscles?

Answer 5

SCM & trapezius

Question 6

Origin & insertion of platysma

Answer 6

O: fascia overlying pectoralis major & deltoid mm
I: inf border of mandible, skin, & subcutaneous tissues of the lower face

Question 7

innervation of platysma

Answer 7

facial n (CN VII, cervical branch)

Question 8

actions of platysma

Answer 8

• draws corners of mouth inferiorly and widens it
• draws skin of neck superiorly when teeth clenched

Question 9

what facial expressions/emotions involve platysma?

Answer 9

sadness & fright

Question 10

origin & insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 10

O:
sternal: ant surface of manubrium
clavicular: sup surface of medial 1/3 clavicle

I: lat surface of mastoid process, temporal
lat 1/2 sup nuchal line

Question 11

innervation of SCM

Answer 11

• CN XI spinal accessory n
• C3 & C4 pain & proprioception

Question 12

actions of SCM

Answer 12

Unilateral:
- tilt head to same side (lat flex) & rotate so face looks up to opposite side
Bilateral:
- extend neck at atlanto-occipital jt
- flex cervical vertebrae so chin approaches chest
- extend sup cervical vertebrae while flexing inf vertebrae, so chin is protracted w/ head level
- w/ CV fixed, may elevate manubrium & medial ends of clavicles, assisting pump-handle action of deep respiration

Question 13

what forms the borders of the posterior triangle?

Answer 13

trapezius
SCM
clavicle

Question 14

name the 2 subdivisions of the posterior triangle

Answer 14

occipital triangle
subclavian triangle

Question 15

what divides the posterior triangle into its subdivisions?

Answer 15

inferior belly of omohyoid muscle

Question 16

what forms the borders of the anterior triangle?

Answer 16

SCM
midline
mandible

Question 17

name the 4 subdivisions of the anterior triangle

Answer 17

• submandibular (digastric) triangle
• submental triangle
• carotid triangle
• muscular triangle

Question 18

in general, what innervates the superficial neck?

Answer 18

cervical plexus

Question 19

what nerves exit at Erb’s point (nerve point of the neck)?

Answer 19

• lesser occipital (C2)
• great auricular (C2 & C3)
• transverse cervical (C2 & C3)
• supraclavicular nn (medial, intermediate, lateral; C3 & C4)

Question 20

the cervical plexus is composed of ____ rami of ____

Answer 20

ventral
C1-C4
(cutaneous branches)

Question 21

what artery may be seen in the superficial neck?

Answer 21

transverse cervical a

Question 22

what are the 2 major veins of the superficial neck?

Answer 22

anterior and external jugular vv

Question 23

submandibular veins are branches of what vein?

Answer 23

anterior jugular v

Question 24

anterior jugular vein drains into ____ or ____

Answer 24

external jugular v
subclavian v

Question 25

what is the posterior division of the retromandibular vein?

Answer 25

external jugular v

Question 26

the posterior auricular vein is a branch of what vein?

Answer 26

external jugular