Carotid & Muscular (Anterior) Triangles

Question 1

what forms the boundaries of the carotid triangle?

Answer 1

• superior belly of omohyoid
• posterior belly of digastric
• anterior border of SCM

Question 2

location of common carotid artery bifurcation

Answer 2

at superior border of thyroid cartilage (C3-C4)

Question 3

describe the carotid sinus

Answer 3

• dilation at bifurcation and into internal carotid a
• baroreceptor innervated by CN IX and X SNS

Question 4

describe the carotid body

Answer 4

• small dark mass of tissue on deep side of bifurcation
• chemoreceptor innervated by CN IX and X SNS

Question 5

name the contents of the carotid sheath

Answer 5

• carotid aa (medial)
• internal jugular v (lateral)
• CN X: vagus (posterior)

Question 6

what lymph nodes are located in the carotid triangle?

Answer 6

deep cervical

Question 7

the common carotid artery is located in the ____ triangle

Answer 7

carotid

Question 8

where is the carotid sinus located?

Answer 8

at bifurcation of common carotid a

Question 9

describe the location of ansa cervicalis

Answer 9

embedded in fascia of anterolateral aspect of carotid sheath

Question 10

how many branches does the internal carotid artery give in the neck?

Answer 10

NONE

Question 11

how many branches does the external carotid artery give in the neck?

Answer 11

6 branches & 2 terminal branches

Question 12

name the branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 12

• superior thyroid a
• ascending pharyngeal a
• lingual a
• facial a
• occipital a
• posterior auricular a
• maxillary a
• superficial temporal a

Question 13

the superior laryngeal artery is a branch of what artery?

Answer 13

superior thyroid a

Question 14

the cervical plexus contains ____ rami of ____

Answer 14

ventral
C1-C4

Question 15

what forms the loops of the cervical plexus?

Answer 15

C2-C4 divide into ascending & descending branches that unite with the branches of adjacent nn to form loops

Question 16

the cervical plexus lies anteromedial to what muscles?

Answer 16

levator scapulae & middle scalene

Question 17

the cervical plexus lies posterior to what muscle?

Answer 17

SCM

Question 18

superficial branches of the cervical plexus are ____

Answer 18

sensory

Question 19

what joins to form ansa cervicalis?

Answer 19

superior root (C1 & C2)
inferior root (C2 & C3)

Question 20

name the terminal branches of the external carotid artery

Answer 20

• maxillary a
• superficial temporal a

Question 21

what muscles are innervated by ansa cervicalis?

Answer 21

• omohyoid
• sternothyroid
• sternohyoid

Question 22

innervation of thyrohyoid

Answer 22

receives C1 fibers that travel with hypoglossal n (n to thyrohyoid)

Question 23

what forms the superior root of ansa cervicalis?

Answer 23

C1 & C2 join & descend from hypoglossal n

Question 24

deep branches of the cervical plexus are ____

Answer 24

motor

Question 25

long thoracic nerve pierces what muscle?

Answer 25

middle scalene

Question 26

location of phrenic nerve

Answer 26

lies on surface of anterior scalene m

Question 27

name 3 nervous functions of phrenic nerve

Answer 27

motor sensory sympathetic

Question 28

vagus nerve is located within the ____

Answer 28

carotid sheath

Question 29

name the 2 branches of the superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 29

- internal laryngeal n (sensory) - external laryngeal n (motor)

Question 30

the internal laryngeal nerve pierces the ____ with the ____

Answer 30

thyrohyoid membrane superior laryngeal a

Question 31

the external laryngeal nerve travels inferiorly, paralleling ____

Answer 31

superior thyroid a

Question 32

cricothyroid is innervated by ____

Answer 32

external laryngeal n

Question 33

the cervical sympathetic trunk is located posterior to the ____

Answer 33

carotid sheath

Question 34

how many white rami communicantes branch from cervical spinal levels?

Answer 34

NONE

Question 35

name the cervical ganglia of the cervical sympathetic trunk

Answer 35

superior middle inferior

Question 36

the cervical ganglia receive ____ fibers from ____

Answer 36

preganglionic T1-T5

Question 37

postganglionic fibers of the cervical sympathetic trunk travel via ____ to...

Answer 37

gray rami communicantes - spinal nn - thoracic viscera - head & neck viscera

Question 38

postganglionic fibers of the cervical sympathetic trunk travel with ____

Answer 38

arteries

Question 39

what forms the boundaries of the muscular triangle?

Answer 39

- superior belly of omohyoid - anterior border of SCM - anterior midline of neck

Question 40

what type of muscles are infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 40

strap

Question 41

name the infrahyoid muscles

Answer 41

- sternohyoid - omohyoid - sternothyroid - thyrohyoid

Question 42

cricothyroid is covered with ____

Answer 42

larynx

Question 43

what is the only infrahyoid muscle innervated by CN XII?

Answer 43

thyrohyoid

Question 44

innervation of sternohyoid, omohyoid, & sternothyroid

Answer 44

ansa cervicalis

Question 45

name the pericervical lymph nodes

Answer 45

- submental - submandibular - parotid - mastoid - occipital

Question 46

superficial lymph vessels of the neck follow ____, while deep lymph vessels follow ____

Answer 46

veins arteries

Question 47

all lymph vessels of the neck drain into ____ along the ____

Answer 47

deep cervical lymph nodes internal jugular v

Question 48

the carotid sinus & body are located at which vertebral level?

Answer 48

C3-C4

Question 49

the omohyoid muscle is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 49

ansa cervicalis