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NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 > Anterolateral Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterolateral Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 subdivisions of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

abdomen
greater pelvis
lesser pelvis

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2
Q

Describe the boundaries of the abdominal cavity

A

thoracic diaphragm (4th intercostal space) to pelvic inlet

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3
Q

What is the abdominal cavity skeletally bound by?

A
  • costal cartilages 7-10
  • ribs 11-12
  • xiphoid process
  • L1-5
  • os coxae (ilium & pubis)
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4
Q

Describe the borders of the greater pelvis

A

superior ilium to pelvic inlet (above)

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5
Q

Describe the borders of the lesser pelvis

A

pelvic inlet (below) to pelvic diaphragm

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6
Q

Name 3 functions of the abdominopelvic cavity

A
  • protection & support
  • assist breathing
  • control intra-abdominal pressure
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7
Q

name the planes that form the 4 quadrants of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

sagittal
transumbilical (L3-4/umbilicus)

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8
Q

name the planes that form the 9 regions of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

2 midclavicular
subcostal
intertubercular

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9
Q

name the 9 regions of the abdominopelvic cavity

A
  • L/R hypochondrium
  • epigastric region
  • L/R flank
  • umbilical region
  • L/R groin
  • pubic region
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10
Q

Describe the boundaries of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A
  • costal cartilage 7-10 & xiphoid process
  • inguinal ligaments
  • iliac crests
  • pubic crests
  • pubic symphysis
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11
Q

name the components of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A
  • skeleton
  • skin
  • fascia
  • muscles
  • fat
  • parietal peritoneum
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12
Q

name the 3 main layers of fascia of the anterior abdominal wall

A

superficial
investing
deep

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13
Q

what are the 2 sublayers of superficial fascia?

A

camper
scarpa

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14
Q

describe camper fascia

A
  • most superficial
  • fat storage (fatty layer)
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15
Q

describe scarpa fascia

A
  • inferior to umbilicus (only in this region)
  • deep to camper fascia
  • membranous (not fatty)
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16
Q

describe investing fascia

A
  • mostly epimysium
  • covers external surface of muscles & aponeuroses
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17
Q

deep fascia is also called _____

A

endoabdominal fascia
(transversalis fascia deep to transversus abdominis)

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18
Q

describe endoabdominal fascia

A

lines anterolateral abdominal wall deep to muscles

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19
Q

name the 3 flat muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A

external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis

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20
Q

name the 2 vertical muscles of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A

rectus abdominis
pyramidalis

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21
Q

origin & insertion of external oblique

A

O: external surfaces of ribs 5-12
I: linea alba, pubic tubercle, ant 1/2 of iliac crest

(hands in pockets)

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22
Q

innervation of external oblique

A

ant rami T7-12

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23
Q

action of external oblique

A
  • compress & support abdominal contents
  • bilaterally flex trunk
  • contralaterally bends trunk
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24
Q

origin & insertion of internal oblique

A

O:
- thoracolumbar fascia
- ant 2/3 iliac crest
- lat 2/3 inguinal lig
- surrounding CT

I: inf borders ribs 10-12, linea alba, pubic crest, pectineal line

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25
Q

innervation of internal oblique

A

ant rami T6-12 & L1

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26
Q

action of internal oblique

A
  • compress & support abdominal contents
  • bilaterally flex trunk
  • ipsilaterally bend trunk
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27
Q

origin & insertion of transversus abdominis

A

O:
- internal surface ribs 7-12 & costal cartilages
- thoracolumbar fascia
- iliac crest
- lat 1/3 inguinal lig
- surrounding CT

I: linea alba, aponeurosis of int oblique, pubic crest, pectineal line

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28
Q

innervation of transversus abdominis

A

ant rami T6-12 & L1

29
Q

action of transversus abdominis

A

compress & support abdominal contents

30
Q

origin & insertion of rectus abdominis

A

O: pubic symphysis, pubic crest
I: costal cartilages 5-7, xiphoid process

31
Q

innervation of rectus abdominis

A

ant rami T6-12

32
Q

action of rectus abdominis

A
  • compress & support abdominal contents
  • bilaterally flex lumbar spine
  • tense abdominal wall
  • stabilize & control pelvic tilt (antilordosis)
33
Q

origin & insertion of pyrimidalis

A

O: front of pubis & pubic symphysis
I: linea alba

34
Q

innervation of pyrimidalis

A

ant ramus T12

35
Q

action of pyrimidalis

A

tense or draw down linea alba

36
Q

what is an aponeurosis?

A

sheet-like tendon

37
Q

what forms aponeuroses of the anterior abdominal wall?

A

fibers of 3 flat muscles end near the midclavicular line, forming aponeuroses

38
Q

fibers of 3 flat muscles of the anterior abdominal wall blend to form the ____

A

rectus sheath

39
Q

what does the rectus sheath surround?

A

rectus abdominis, except inferior 1/4 of posterior portion

40
Q

what marks the end of the posterior rectus sheath?

A

arcuate line

41
Q

where is transversalis fascia located?

A

only inferior to arcuate line

42
Q

aponeuroses of the anterior abdominal wall interweave forming the ____

A

linea alba

43
Q

the linea alba separates ____

A

rectus abdominis muscles

44
Q

where is linea semilunaris located?

A

lateral margin of rectus abdominis

45
Q

what subdivides rectus abdominis and improves force generation?

A

tendinous intersections which attach to anterior rectus sheath

46
Q

name the contents of the rectus sheath

A
  • superior epigastric a + v
  • inferior epigastric a + v
  • lymphatic vessels
  • v rami of thoracoabdominal nn (T6/7 - T11) and T12 (subcostal n)
  • pyramidalis
47
Q

name the nerves of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A
  • thoracoabdominal nn
  • lateral (thoracic) cutaneous branches
  • subcostal n
  • iliohypogastric n
  • ilioinguinal n
48
Q

where are thoracoabdominal nerves located?

A

neurovascular plane between internal oblique and TVA

49
Q

motor branches of thoracoabdominal nerves supply…

A

all the muscles

50
Q

spinal levels of lateral thoracic cutaneous branches

A

T7 - 9/10

51
Q

spinal level of subcostal nerve

A

v ramus T12

52
Q

spinal level of iliohypogastric nerve

A

terminal branch of v ramus L1

53
Q

spinal level of ilioinguinal nerve

A

terminal branch of v ramus L1

54
Q

which dermatome is associated with the umbilicus?

A

T10

55
Q

what dermatome is associated with the groin?

A

L1

56
Q

skin & subcutaneous tissues of the anterolateral abdominal wall drain into the… via…

A

superior vena caval system
- internal thoracic v medially
- lateral thoracic v laterally & inferiorly

57
Q

what forms collateral circulation bypassing the vena cava system?

A

thoracoepigastric v + anastomosis between sup & inf epigastric vv

58
Q

cutaneous veins surrounding the umbilicus anastomose with ____ tributaries

A

hepatic portal v

59
Q

describe the arrangement of the arterial supply of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A

follows arrangement of mm:
- oblique & circumferential laterally
- vertical anteriorly

60
Q

circumferential vessels of the anterolateral abdominal wall are continuations of what vessels?

A

7th - 11th posterior intercostal aa
subcostal a
deep circumflex iliac a

61
Q

name the vertically oriented vessels of the anterolateral abdominal wall

A
  • superior & inferior epigastric
  • musculophrenic a + branches
62
Q

superior epigastric artery originates from the ____

A

internal thoracic a

63
Q

inferior epigastric artery originates from the ____

A

external iliac a

64
Q

musculophrenic artery originates from the ____

A

internal thoracic a

65
Q

internal thoracic artery originates from the ____

A

subclavian a

66
Q

superior to the transumbilical line, superficial lymphatic vessels drain into…

A

axillary lymph nodes & parasternal lymph nodes

67
Q

inferior to the transumbilical line, superficial lymphatic vessels drain into…

A

superficial inguinal lymph nodes

68
Q

deep lymphatic vessels are like ____, and drain into what lymph nodes?

A

deep veins
external iliac, common iliac, R/L lumbar lymph nodes

69
Q

based on the regional divisions of the abdominopelvic cavity, which quadrant would you expect to find the liver?

A

upper right

NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 (16 decks)

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