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NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

name 6 components of the posterior abdominal wall

A
  • skeleton (5LV + IVD)
  • muscles
  • thoracolumbar fascia
  • aa (abdominal aorta + branches)
  • vv (inf vena cava + branches)
  • nn
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2
Q

name the muscles that make up the posterior abdominal wall

A
  • diaphragm
  • psoas maj
  • iliacus
  • quadratus lumborum
  • transversus abdominis
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3
Q

what is the primary muscle of respiration?

A

diaphragm

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4
Q

the diaphragm ____ during inspiration

A

descends

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5
Q

origins & insertion of diaphragm

A

O
- sternal: xiphoid process
- costal: internal surfaces of inf 6 costal cartilages
- lumbar: med + lat arcuate ligaments & L1-L3

I: central tendon

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6
Q

medial arcuate ligament travels from ____ to ____, and arches over ____

A
  • body of L1 to TP of L1
  • psoas major
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7
Q

lateral arcuate ligament travels from ____ to ____, and arches over ____

A
  • TP of L1 to 12th rib
  • quadratus lumborum
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8
Q

the right crus arises from ____

A

first 3-4 LV and IVDs

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9
Q

the right crus is ____ than the left crus

A

larger + longer

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10
Q

the left crus arises from ____

A

first 2-3 LV + IVDs

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11
Q

name 3 openings of the diaphragm and their spinal levels

A
  • caval opening (T8)
  • esophageal hiatus (T10)
  • aortic hiatus (T12)
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12
Q

what passes through the caval opening?

A

IVC
(opening in central tendon)

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13
Q

what passes through the esophageal hiatus?

A
  • esophagus
  • right & left vagal trunks
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14
Q

the esophageal hiatus forms the ____

A

right crus

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15
Q

what passes through the aortic hiatus?

A
  • aorta
  • thoracic duct
  • azygous & hemiazygous vv
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16
Q

the ____ is the opening posterior to the diaphragm

A

aortic hiatus

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17
Q

what forms the median arcuate ligament?

A

right & left crura unite in midline

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18
Q

what ligament forms the aortic hiatus?

A

median arcuate

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19
Q

arterial supply of diaphragm

A
  • thoracic aorta (sup phrenic aa)
  • internal thoracic aa (musculophrenic + pericardiophrenic aa)
  • abdominal aorta (inf phrenic aa)
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20
Q

venous drainage of diaphragm

A

veins mirror aa and drain into IVC

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21
Q

innervation of diaphragm

A
  • phrenic n (C3-C5): motor + sensory
  • lower 6-7 intercostal nn (T5-T11): sensory
  • subcostal n (T12): sensory
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22
Q

all motor innervation of the diaphragm comes from ____

A

phrenic n (C3-C5)
“keeps the diaphragm alive”

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23
Q

superior and inferior attachments of psoas major

A

sup:
- TPs of LV
- sides of T12-L5 bodies + IVDs

inf: lesser trochanter, femur

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24
Q

innervation of psoas major

A

ant rami of L1-L3

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25
primary actions of psoas major
- flex thigh (w iliacus) - flex trunk when sitting (w iliacus) - flex vertebral column laterally - balance trunk
26
superior and inferior attachments of iliacus
sup: - sup 2/3 iliac fossa - ala of sacrum - ant sacroiliac ligaments inf: - lesser trochanter of femur & diaphysis inf to trochanter - psoas maj tendon
27
innervation of iliacus
femoral n (L2-4)
28
primary action of iliacus
with psoas major, flexes thigh + stabilizes hip joint
29
superior & inferior attachments of quadratus lumborum
sup: - medial 1/2 of 12th rib inf border - tips of lumbar TPs inf: - iliolumbar lig - internal lip of iliac crest
30
innervation of quadratus lumborum
- ant rami T12 (subcostal n) - lumbar plexus (L1-4)
31
primary action of quadratus lumborum
- extend & laterally flex vertebral column - fix rib 12 during inspiration
32
the abdominal aorta descends anterior to vertebral bodies of ____ to ____
T12 - L4
33
veins of the posterior abdominal wall drain directly into the ____, except for which veins?
IVC left gonadal & left suprarenal vv
34
where does the inferior vena cava begin?
at L5 to right of midline
35
vertebral level of celiac trunk
T12
36
vertebral level of SMA
L1
37
vertebral level of renal arteries
L1
38
vertebral level of gonadal arteries
L2
39
vertebral level of IMA
L3
40
vertebral level of aortic bifurcation
L4
41
vertebral level of lumbar arteries
L1-L5
42
vertebral level of median sacral artery
L4
43
what forms cisterna chyli?
convergence of lumbar lymphatic trunk, intestinal lymph trunks, and descending thoracic trunks
44
all lymph from the lower 1/2 of the body drain into ____
cisterna chyli
45
location of cisterna chyli
- ant to L1-L2 vertebral bodies - between IVC and abdominal aorta
46
the subcostal nerve runs along the anterior surface of what muscle?
quadratus lumborum
47
the lumbar plexus is composed of anterior rami of ____
L1-L4
48
nerves of the lumbar plexus pass through ____ after nerve roots exit the spine
psoas major
49
name the nerves of the lumbar plexus
- ilioinguinal & iliohypogastric nn (L1) - genitofemoral n (L1-2) - lateral femoral cutaneous n (L2-3) - femoral n (L2-4) - obturator n (L2-4) - lumbosacral trunk (L4-5)
50
function of ilioinguinal & iliohypogastric nerves
sensory & motor to anterior abdominal wall mm
51
function of genitofemoral nerve
- sensory to upper medial thigh - motor to cremaster m
52
function of lateral femoral cutaneous n
sensory to lateral upper thigh
53
function of femoral n
sensory & motor to ant thigh (quads)
54
function of obturator n
sensory & motor to medial thigh (adductors)
55
function of lumbosacral trunk
contribute to sacral plexus
56
sympathetic innervation of GI tract to left colic flexure
- greater splanchnic n (T5-9/10) - lesser splanchnic n (T10-11) - least splanchnic n (T12)
57
sympathetic innervation of left colic flexure to rectum
lumbar plexus (L1-3)
58
parasympathetic innervation of GI tract to left colic flexure
vagus n from vagal plexuses
59
parasympathetic innervation of left colic flexure to rectum
pelvic splanchnic nn (S2-S4)
60
spinal level of spleen innervation
T6-T8
61
spinal level of stomach, duodenum, liver, gallbladder, & pancreas innervation
T6-T9
62
spinal level of jejunum & ileum innervation
T8-T10
63
spinal level of suprarenal gland innervation
T6-L2
64
spinal level of kidney innervation
T10-L1
65
spinal level of cecum, appendix, & ascending colon innervation
T10
66
spinal level of transverse colon innervation
T11
67
spinal level of descending colon innervation
T12-L2
68
spinal level of sigmoid colon & rectum innervation
S2
69
the greater splanchnic nerve consists predominantly of ____ganglionic ____ fibers from ____
preganglionic sympathetic T5-T10
70
Name all the organs which receive sympathetic innervation from the greater splanchnic nerve
- esophagus - stomach - liver - left colic flexure - small intestine, ascending colon, transverse colon - duodenum

NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 (27 decks)

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