Oral Cavity

Question 1

what is the oral vestibule?

Answer 1

space between teeth/gingivae and lips/cheeks

Question 2

what is the oral cavity proper?

Answer 2

space between upper and lower dental arches

Question 3

what is the name of the teeth we lose as we develop?

Answer 3

deciduous (primary) teeth

Question 4

how many deciduous (primary) teeth are there?

Answer 4

20

Question 5

how many permanent (secondary) teeth are there in total?

Answer 5

32

Question 6

name the 4 types of permanent teeth

Answer 6

incisors
canines
premolars (bicuspids)
molars

Question 7

how many incisors do we have?

Answer 7

8 (4 top & bottom)

Question 8

how many canines do we have

Answer 8

4 (2 top & bottom)

Question 9

how many premolars do we have?

Answer 9

8 (4 top & bottom)

Question 10

how many molars do we have?

Answer 10

12 (6 top & bottom)
(including wisdom teeth)

Question 11

name the 3 tissue layers of the teeth

Answer 11

enamel
dentine
pulp

Question 12

name the anatomical parts of the teeth

Answer 12

crown
neck
root

Question 13

the root of the tongue is attached to the…

Answer 13

mandible and hyoid

Question 14

name the 4 parts of the tongue

Answer 14

root
body
apex
dorsum

Question 15

name the structures of the dorsum of the tongue

Answer 15

• sulcus terminalis
• circumvallate (vallate) papillae
• filiform papillae
• fungiform papillae
• lingual tonsil

Question 16

sulcus terminalis is made up of ____

Answer 16

circumvallate (vallate) papillae

Question 17

what is the function of intrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 17

alter shape of tongue

Question 18

what is the function of the extrinsic tongue muscles?

Answer 18

alter position of tongue

Question 19

name the intrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 19

• superior & inferior longitudinal
• transverse
• vertical

Question 20

name the extrinsic tongue muscles

Answer 20

• genioglossus
• hyoglossus
• styloglossus
• palatoglossus

Question 21

sensory innervation of the tongue

Answer 21

• lingual n (V3) -> ant 2/3
• glossopharyngeal n -> post 1/3

Question 22

taste innervation of the tongue

Answer 22

chorda tympani (VII) -> ant 2/3
glossopharyngeal n -> post 1/3

Question 23

motor innervation of the tongue

Answer 23

hypoglossal n
(except palatoglossus muscle: vagus n)

Question 24

what nerve innervates a small spot on the dorsum of the tongue?

Answer 24

internal laryngeal n (CN X)

Question 25

action of genioglossus

Answer 25

- BL depress tongue, especially central part, creating a longitudinal furrow - post part pulls tongue ant for protrusion - most ant part retracts apex of protruded tongue - unilat deviate to contralateral side

Question 26

action of hyoglossus

Answer 26

- depress tongue & curl sides - helps shorten (retrude) tongue

Question 27

action of styloglossus

Answer 27

retrude tongue & curl (elevate) sides, working w/ genioglossus to form central trough during swallowing

Question 28

what is the isthmus of fauces?

Answer 28

space between oral cavity and oropharynx

Question 29

action of superior longitudinal tongue muscle

Answer 29

- curls tongue longitudinally upward, **elevating apex & sides** of tongue - shortens (retrudes) tongue

Question 30

action of inferior longitudinal tongue muscle

Answer 30

- curls tongue longitudinally **downward, depressing apex** of tongue - shortens (retrudes) tongue

Question 31

action of transverse tongue muscle

Answer 31

narrows & elongates (protrudes) tongue

Question 32

action of vertical tongue muscle

Answer 32

flattens and broadens tongue

Question 33

name the bones of the hard palate

Answer 33

- palatine process of maxilla - horizontal plate of palatine bone

Question 34

name the components of the soft palate

Answer 34

- fauces - uvula - root of tongue - palatoglossal pillar/arch/fold (palatoglossus) - palatopharyngeal pillar/arch/fold (palatopharyngeus) - tonsillar bed/fossa (palatine tonsil)

Question 35

action of tensor veli palatini

Answer 35

tense soft palate and open mouth of pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning

Question 36

action of levator veli palatini

Answer 36

elevates soft palate during swallowing and yawning

Question 37

action of palatoglossus

Answer 37

elevates post. part of tongue and draws soft palate onto tongue (constrict isthmus of fauces)

Question 38

action of palatopharyngeus

Answer 38

tenses soft palate and pulls walls of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly and medially during swallowing

Question 39

action of musculus uvulae

Answer 39

shortens uvula and pulls it superiorly

Question 40

innervation of tensor veli palatini

Answer 40

medial pterygoid n (V3)

Question 41

what muscles of the soft palate are innervated by CN X?

Answer 41

levator veli palatini palatoglossus palatopharyngeus musculus uvulae

Question 42

name the 3 salivary glands

Answer 42

- parotid - submandibular - sublingual

Question 43

what are the functions of saliva?

Answer 43

- maintain moist environment for oral mucosa - lubrication during chewing - digestion & breakdown of starches - prevention of tooth decay/maintenance of biofilm

Question 44

location of sublingual gland

Answer 44

floor of oral cavity between mandible and genioglossus

Question 45

blood supply of sublingual gland

Answer 45

sublingual & submental aa

Question 46

innervation of sublingual glands

Answer 46

presynaptic PSNS secretomotor fibers from facial, chorda tympani, and lingual nn -> synapse in submandibular ganglion