Peritoneum Flashcards
peritoneum is derived from ____
mesothelium
describe the histology of the peritoneum
layer of simple squamous epithelial-like cells with supportive layer of CT
name and describe the 2 layers of the peritoneum
- parietal: lines abdominal wall/peritoneal cavity
- visceral: reflects onto and covers organs
where is peritoneal fluid located?
between parietal & visceral layers of peritoneum
the peritoneal cavity develops from ____ and is connected to ____ until week 10
intraembryonic coelom (embryonic body cavity)
extraembryonic coelom at umbilicus
parietal peritoneum is derived from ____
somatic mesoderm
visceral peritoneum is derived from ____
splanchnic mesoderm
intraperitoneal organs are nearly completely covered by ____
visceral peritoneum
location and covering of extraperitoneal organs
- external to parietal peritoneum
- partially covered by visceral peritoneum
location and covering of retroperitoneal organs
- posterior to parietal peritoneum, against posterior abdominal wall
- one or part of one organ surface (usually ant) covered by parietal peritoneum
location and covering of subperitoneal organs
- inferior to parietal peritoneum
- superior surface of organ by parietal peritoneum
developing organs protrude into the ____ and acquire ____ covering
peritoneal sac
visceral peritoneum
what are primarily retroperitoneal organs?
organs that do not protrude fully and remain partially behind parietal peritoneum (was never part of peritoneum)
what are secondarily retroperitoneal organs?
organs lying against posterior abdominal wall so that their dorsal mesentary fuses with posterior abdominal wall (outgrew peritoneum)
what are mesenteries?
double layer of peritoneum connecting viscera to peritoneal wall
mesenteries contain ____ and ____
vessels & nerves
what are reflections?
bends in parietal peritoneum following the conical structure of the abdomen
what are recesses?
spaces created by parietal peritoneal reflections
name the 3 peritoneal folds
- median umbilical
- medial umbilical
- lateral umbilical
median umbilical fold
- apex of bladder to umbilicus
- covers median umbilical ligament (remnant of embryonic urachus/allantois)
medial umbilical folds
cover medial umbilical ligaments (occluded umbilical aa)
median and medial umbilical folds are separated by ____
supravesical fossae
lateral umbilical folds
cover inferior epigastric vessels
name the 3 peritoneal fossae
- supravesical
- medial inguinal
- lateral inguinal