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nycc gross anatomy 3 > Peritoneum > Flashcards

Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

peritoneum is derived from ____

A

mesothelium

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2
Q

describe the histology of the peritoneum

A

layer of simple squamous epithelial-like cells with supportive layer of CT

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3
Q

name and describe the 2 layers of the peritoneum

A
  • parietal: lines abdominal wall/peritoneal cavity
  • visceral: reflects onto and covers organs
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4
Q

where is peritoneal fluid located?

A

between parietal & visceral layers of peritoneum

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5
Q

the peritoneal cavity develops from ____ and is connected to ____ until week 10

A

intraembryonic coelom (embryonic body cavity)
extraembryonic coelom at umbilicus

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6
Q

parietal peritoneum is derived from ____

A

somatic mesoderm

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7
Q

visceral peritoneum is derived from ____

A

splanchnic mesoderm

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8
Q

intraperitoneal organs are nearly completely covered by ____

A

visceral peritoneum

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9
Q

location and covering of extraperitoneal organs

A
  • external to parietal peritoneum
  • partially covered by visceral peritoneum
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10
Q

location and covering of retroperitoneal organs

A
  • posterior to parietal peritoneum, against posterior abdominal wall
  • one or part of one organ surface (usually ant) covered by parietal peritoneum
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11
Q

location and covering of subperitoneal organs

A
  • inferior to parietal peritoneum
  • superior surface of organ by parietal peritoneum
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12
Q

developing organs protrude into the ____ and acquire ____ covering

A

peritoneal sac
visceral peritoneum

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13
Q

what are primarily retroperitoneal organs?

A

organs that do not protrude fully and remain partially behind parietal peritoneum (was never part of peritoneum)

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14
Q

what are secondarily retroperitoneal organs?

A

organs lying against posterior abdominal wall so that their dorsal mesentary fuses with posterior abdominal wall (outgrew peritoneum)

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15
Q

what are mesenteries?

A

double layer of peritoneum connecting viscera to peritoneal wall

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16
Q

mesenteries contain ____ and ____

A

vessels & nerves

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17
Q

what are reflections?

A

bends in parietal peritoneum following the conical structure of the abdomen

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18
Q

what are recesses?

A

spaces created by parietal peritoneal reflections

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19
Q

name the 3 peritoneal folds

A
  • median umbilical
  • medial umbilical
  • lateral umbilical
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20
Q

median umbilical fold

A
  • apex of bladder to umbilicus
  • covers median umbilical ligament (remnant of embryonic urachus/allantois)
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21
Q

medial umbilical folds

A

cover medial umbilical ligaments (occluded umbilical aa)

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22
Q

median and medial umbilical folds are separated by ____

A

supravesical fossae

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23
Q

lateral umbilical folds

A

cover inferior epigastric vessels

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24
Q

name the 3 peritoneal fossae

A
  • supravesical
  • medial inguinal
  • lateral inguinal
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25
Q

supravesical fossae

A

median to medial umbilical folds

26
Q

medial inguinal fossae (inguinal triangles or Hesselbach triangles)

A
  • medial to lateral umbilical folds
  • site of direct inguinal hernias
27
Q

lateral inguinal fossae

A
  • lat to lat umbilical folds and contain deep inguinal ring
  • common site of indirect inguinal hernias
28
Q

the parietal peritoneum receives blood supply from…

A

branches of body wall vessels

29
Q

parietal peritoneum receives somatic afferents from…

A

associated spinal nn

30
Q

describe sensations experienced by the parietal peritoneum

A
  • interior body wall pressure
  • pain
  • temp
  • laceration sensation
  • well-localized pain
31
Q

visceral peritoneum receives blood supply from…

A

same vessels as viscera

32
Q

visceral peritoneum receives visceral afferents accompanying…

A

autonomic nn (SNS & PSNS)

33
Q

describe sensation of the visceral peritoneum

A
  • not sensitive to touch, temp, laceration
  • stimulated by stretching & chemical irritation
  • referred discomfort (non-specific localization)
34
Q

name 4 major mesentaries

A
  • small intestines: principle mesentary
  • vermiform appendix: mesoappendix
  • transverse colon: transverse mesocolon
  • sigmoid colon: sigmoid mesocolon
35
Q

what are omenta?

A

pass between stomach and other organs and contain neurovasculature

36
Q

name 2 omenta

A

greater omentum
lesser omentum

37
Q

the greater omentum contains ____ layers of peritoneum

A

4

38
Q

the lesser omentum contains ____ layers of peritoneum

A

2

39
Q

location of greater omentum

A
  • greater curvature of stomach and proximal duodenum
  • folds back to attach to transverse colon & transverse mesocolon
40
Q

gastrophrenic ligament

A

stomach to diaphragm

41
Q

gastrosplenic ligament

A

stomach to spleen

42
Q

gastrocolic ligament

A

stomach to (transverse) colon

43
Q

location of lesser omentum

A
  • lesser curvature of stomach & proximal duodenum to liver
44
Q

hepatogastric ligament

A

liver to stomach

45
Q

hepatoduodenal ligament

A

liver to duodenum

46
Q

the falciform ligament contains the…

A

round ligament of liver

47
Q

the round ligament of the liver is a remnant of the ____

A

umbilical v

48
Q

the greater sac is divided by the transverse colon into ____ and ____

A

supracolic
infracolic

49
Q

name the contents of the supracolic area

A

stomach
liver
spleen

50
Q

name the contents of the infracolic area

A

small intestines
ascending & descending colon

51
Q

location of infracolic area

A
  • below transverse colon
  • posterior to greater omentum
52
Q

the right and left infracolic spaces are divided by the ____

A

principle mesentary

53
Q

location of paracolic gutters

A
  • Right: lat to ascending colon
  • Left: lat to descending colon
54
Q

the lesser sac is located posterior to the…

A

stomach and lesser omentum

55
Q

anterior border of omental foramen

A

hepatoduodenal lig

56
Q

posterior border of omental foramen

A

retroperitoneal: IVC, R crus of diaphragm

57
Q

superior border of omental foramen

A

liver

58
Q

inferior border of omental foramen

A

superior or 1st part of duodenum

59
Q

the omental foramen is also called…

A
  • epiploic foramen
  • foramen of Winslow
60
Q

the lesser omentum is a double fold of peritoneum which is attached to the…

A

liver, stomach and duodenum

61
Q

____ do not have a free mesentary in adults

A

retroperitoneal organs
(eg. ascending & descending colon)

nycc gross anatomy 3 (16 decks)

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