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NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 > Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Spleen > Flashcards

Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas, Spleen Flashcards

1
Q

what is the largest gland and second largest organ?

A

liver (2.5% body weight)

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2
Q

location of the liver

A

right upper quadrant, deep to ribs 7-11

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3
Q

name the 4 lobes of the liver

A

right
left
caudate
quadrate

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4
Q

what connects the right and caudate lobes of the liver?

A

caudate process

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5
Q

location of caudate process

A

between IVC and porta hepatis

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6
Q

what divides the left and right lobes of the liver?

A

falciform ligament

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7
Q

the round ligament of the liver is a remnant of the ____

A

umbilical v

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8
Q

the round ligament of the liver is also known as the ____

A

ligamentum teres hepatis

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9
Q

coronary ligament of the liver connects the liver to the ____ abdominal wall

A

posterior

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10
Q

the falciform ligament and round ligament of the liver connect the liver to the ____ abdominal wall

A

anterior

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11
Q

the coronary ligament surrounds the _____ of the liver

A

bare area

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12
Q

the ends of the coronary ligament which attach the liver to the posterior abdominal wall are called the ____

A

left and right triangular ligaments

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13
Q

the fissure for ligamentum venosum is a remnant of ____

A

ductus venosus

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14
Q

the portal triad (portal hepatis) is contained within the ____ ligament

A

hepatoduodenal

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15
Q

name the contents of the portal triad

A
  • bile duct (ant & right)
  • proper hepatic a & branches
  • portal v (posterior)
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16
Q

the portal vein is located posterior to the ____

A

neck of pancreas

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17
Q

most of the nutrient-rich blood received by the liver enters via the ____

A

portal vein

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18
Q

what supplies oxygenated blood to the liver?

A

hepatic artery
(right & left)

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19
Q

the ____ drain blood from the liver into the ____

A
  • hepatic vv (right, intermed, left)
  • IVC
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20
Q

25-50% of lymph entering the thoracic duct comes from the ____

A

liver

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21
Q

innervation of the liver

A
  • hepatic plexus (derivative of celiac plexus)
  • PSNS: ant & post vagal trunk
  • SNS: greater splanchnic nn
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22
Q

the hepatic plexus surrounds the ____

A

hepatic a

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23
Q

the ____ communicates to the gallbladder for bile transport

A

cystic duct

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24
Q

function of the gallbladder

A

store & concentrate bile (holds 50ml)

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25
Q

the valve in the neck of the gallbladder is called the ____

A

spiral fold

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26
Q

bile exits the liver via the ____

A

right & left hepatic ducts

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27
Q

blood supply to gallbladder

A

cystic a

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28
Q

the cystic artery is a branch of the ____

A

right hepatic a

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29
Q

blood from the gallbladder travels via the ____ to the ____

A

cystic v
hepatic portal v

30
Q

lymph from the gallbladder drains into the ____

A

celiac lymph nodes

31
Q

innervation of gallbladder

A

celiac plexus

32
Q

the bile duct and the pancreatic duct join to form the ____

A

hepatopancreatic ampulla (of Vater)

33
Q

the pancreas lies transversely across what spinal level?

A

L1-L2
(level of transpyloric plane)

34
Q

the pancreas lies posterior to the ____

A

stomach

35
Q

the pancreas lies between the ____ and ____

A

duodenum (right)
spleen (left)

36
Q

exocrine function of the pancreas

A

produce pancreatic juice

37
Q

endocrine function of the pancreas

A

produce insulin & glucagon

38
Q

describe the location of the head of the pancreas

A
  • encircled by C-shape of duodenum
  • right of sup mesenteric vessels
39
Q

describe the location of the uncinate process of the pancreas

A
  • projection inf to head
  • posterior to SMA
40
Q

describe the location of the neck of the pancreas

A

ant to sup mesenteric vessels

41
Q

describe the location of the body of the pancreas

A

passes over aorta and L2

42
Q

describe the location of the tail of the pancreas

A

ant to left kidney, close to splenic hilum & left colic flexure

43
Q

describe the pathway of the main pancreatic duct

A
  • runs from tail to head
  • joins bile duct at hepatopancreatic ampulla
  • opens into duodenum at major duodenal papilla (sphincter of Oddi)
44
Q

what does the hepatopancreatic ampulla contain?

A

bile & pancreatic juices

45
Q

the accessory pancreatic duct opens at the ____

A

minor duodenal papilla

46
Q

blood supply of pancreas

A
  • splenic a branches
  • sup pancreaticoduodenal aa
  • inf pancreaticoduodenal aa (SMA branch)
47
Q

venous blood from the pancreas drains into the ____

A

splenic v

48
Q

lymph from the pancreas drains into the ____

A

sup mesenteric nodes or celiac nodes

49
Q

innervation of pancreas

A

superior mesenteric plexus and celiac plexus

50
Q

describe the location of the spleen

A
  • upper left quadrant
  • rests on left colic flexure
  • left 9-11 ribs
51
Q

what is the largest lymphatic organ in the body?

A

spleen

52
Q

the spleen is ____peritoneal

A

intra

53
Q

name 4 functions of the spleen

A
  • lymphocyte proliferation
  • immune surveillance
  • RBC removal & destruction & recycling
  • blood reservoir
54
Q

what surrounds the spleen?

A

splenic capsule (visceral + diaphragmatic)

55
Q

what exits at the splenic hilum?

A

splenic a + v

56
Q

the inside of the spleen is composed of _____, containing splenic pulp

A

trabeculae

57
Q

what connects the stomach to the spleen?

A

gastrosplenic ligament

58
Q

the gastrosplenic ligament is located in the ____ omentum

A

greater

59
Q

the gastrosplenic ligament contains what vessels?

A

short gastric + left gastro-omental

60
Q

the left gastro-omental artery is a branch of the ____

A

splenic a

61
Q

what connects the spleen to the left kidney

A

splenorenal ligament (lienorenal)

62
Q

the splenorenal ligament contains the ____ artery

A

splenic

63
Q

arterial supply of spleen

A

splenic a
(tortuous a runs post to omental bursa/lesser sac along sup border of pancreas)

64
Q

venous drainage of spleen

A

splenic v

65
Q

what forms the hepatic portal vein?

A

splenic v joins with superior mesenteric v

66
Q

lymph from the spleen drains into ____ nodes via ____ nodes

A

celiac lymph nodes
pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes

67
Q

innervation of spleen

A

celiac plexus

68
Q

the lower end of the common bile duct enters the ____

A

second part of duodenum

69
Q

what is the largest artery of the celiac trunk?

A

splenic a

70
Q

the inferior mesenteric vein drains into the ____

A

splenic v

NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 (16 decks)

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