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NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 > Orbit & Eyeball > Flashcards

Orbit & Eyeball Flashcards

1
Q

name the 7 bones that make up the orbit

A
  • sphenoid
  • frontal
  • ethmoid
  • lacrimal
  • palatine
  • zygomatic
  • maxilla
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2
Q

the orbital axes is approximately ____

A

45*

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3
Q

the optical axes (direction/line of sight) is ____

A

parallel

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4
Q

name the contents of the orbit

A
  • eye (eyeball & optic n)
  • extra-ocular mm
  • lacrimal apparatus
  • periorbital fat & fascia
  • conjunctiva
  • nn & blood vessels
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5
Q

what are the functions of the eyelids?

A
  • protect eyeball & cornea
  • spread lacrimal fluid to keep cornea moist
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6
Q

the eyelids are externally covered by ____

A

skin

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7
Q

what is the name of the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and reflects onto the eyeball?

A

conjunctiva

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8
Q

what is the function of the tarsal (meibomian) glands?

A

secrete lipids that lubricate edges of eyelids

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9
Q

what is the name of the lubricator glands in the eyelashes? what do they secrete?

A

ciliary glands
sebaceous secretions

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10
Q

what is the palpebral fissure?

A

opening between superior & inferior eyelids

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11
Q

what are the medial & lateral palpebral commissures?

A

where superior & inferior eyelids meet

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12
Q

name the components of the lacrimal apparatus

A
  • lacrimal gland
  • excretory ducts of lacrimal gland
  • lacrimal canaliculi (small canals)
  • lacrimal sac
  • nasolacrimal duct
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13
Q

the lacrimal gland secretes ____

A

lacrimal fluid

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14
Q

what is the dilated superior part of the nasolacrimal duct?

A

lacrimal sac

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15
Q

the nasolacrimal duct drains into the ____

A

inferior nasal meatus

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16
Q

where is the lacrimal gland located?

A

in superolateral part of orbit

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17
Q

where are lacrimal canaliculi located?

A

near medial angle of eye

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18
Q

what stimulates lacrimal fluid production?

A

parasympathetic fibers from CN VII

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19
Q

what forms the nerve of the pterygoid canal (Vidian n)? where do these fibers travel to?

A
  • greater petrosal n (pregang) joins deep petrosal n (SNS)
  • pterygopalatine ganglion
20
Q

postganglionic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion travel on the ____ nerve to the ____ nerve

A
  • zygomatic (V2)
  • lacrimal (V1)
21
Q

sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion travel to the internal carotid plexus as the ____ nerve to the ____

A

deep petrosal n
n of pterygoid canal

22
Q

a 32-year-old woman undergoes LASIK surgery to improve her vision. To prevent dry eyes during her healing, the surgeon blocks the drainage of tears. Obstruction of what structure prevents tears from draining?

A

lacrimal canaliculus

23
Q

name the 2 parts of the anterior segment of the eyeball

A

anterior & posterior chamber

24
Q

what makes up the anterior chamber of the eyeball?

A

cornea to iris/pupil

25
Q

the anterior segment of the eyeball is filled with ____

A

aqueous humor

26
Q

what makes up the posterior segment of the eyeball?

A

lens to retina

27
Q

the posterior segment of the eyeball is filled with ____

A

vitreous humor

28
Q

the posterior segment of the eyeball is held in place by the ____

A

mesh vitreous body

29
Q

what are the 3 layers of the eyeball?

A
  • fibrous layer (outer)
  • vascular layer (middle)
  • inner layer
30
Q

the white of the eye is called the ____

A

sclera

31
Q

the “window” of the eye is called the ____

A

cornea

32
Q

what part of the eyeball is an avascular, transparent layer covering the anterior 1/6th of the eyeball?

A

cornea

33
Q

what are the 3 components of the vascular layer of the eyeball?

A

choroid
ciliary body
iris

34
Q

what are the 2 parts of the fibrous layer of the eyeball?

A

sclera
cornea

35
Q

what is the choroid?

A

highly vascular, dark reddish-brown layer

36
Q

what is the ciliary body?

A

ring-like thickening of smooth m & vasculature posterior to corneoscleral junction (ora serrata)

37
Q

ciliary processes secrete ____

A

aqueous humor

38
Q

suspensory ligaments attach to the ____

A

lens

39
Q

name the muscles of the iris

A

sphincter pupillae & dilator pupillae

40
Q

sphincter pupillae receives ____ innervation

A

parasympathetic

41
Q

dilator pupillae receives ____ innervation

A

sympathetic

42
Q

the blind spot is called ____

A

optic disc

43
Q

name 2 components of the macula

A
  • fovea centralis
  • ora serrata
44
Q

what structure in the eye is responsible for acute vision?

A

fovea centralis

45
Q

what is ora serrata?

A

irregular border between retina & ciliary body

NYCC Gross Anatomy 3 (27 decks)

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