STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY HATCHER 15 Flashcards
describes the spatial and geometric relationship of all components of a rock
Fabric
Structures that pervade the rock mass at the scale of observation or ideally present in all scales of observation
Penetrative
A penetrative fabric which consists of parallel grains of clays or micas or thin anastamosing subparallel zones of insoluble residues produced by pressure solution
Slaty Clevage
fabrics that are not present in all structures
Non Penetrative
Planar and some curved structures in deformed rocks
S-surfaces
What are included in S-Surfaces?
Cleavage
Foliations
Bedding
Cleavage that pervades the rocks mass
Continuous Cleavage
Cleavage that can be resolved into domains of uncleaved rock separated by cleavage planes
Spaced Clevage
Uncleaved zones between cleavage surfaces
Microlithons
Type of spaced cleavage which is cross cutting and not related to the original layering
Disjunctive Cleavage
Type of spaced cleavage which crenulates existing layers
Crenulation Cleavage
Arrange cleavages in terms of spacing
Continuous Cleavage
Slaty Cleavage
Crenulation
Anastamosing
Isolated stylolites
Subdivisions of Crenulation Cleavage
Discrete
Zonal
Subdivisions of Disjunctive Cleavage
Stylolytic
Anastamosing
Rough
Smooth
Produces spaced cleavage by dissolving most soluble parts of a rock mass leaving behind discrete insoluble residues in irregular planar zones
Pressure Solution
Cleavage marked by small scale crinkling that are spaced and assymmetric which commonly forms by deformation of formerly formed cleavage
Crenulation Cleavage
Collective term for various celavage type and also refers to planar structures in rocks
Foliations
Process which involves formation of new layering by recrystallization or pressure solution by reorganizing chemical components of a rock to produce new minerals with new orientations
Metamorphic Differentiation
Foliations produced during progressive deformation and metamorphism through recrystallization
Differentiated layering
A phenomenon which occurs where texture and composition- ductility- vary from layer to layer in arock thus the angle between cleavage and bedding changes as the cleavage passes from one layer to another
Cleavage Refraction
Folds where in fold axis is not coincident with the cleavage
Transected fold
Transformation of orginall beddig by folding, ductile shear, or other processes into parallelism with cleavge or foliation through progressive deformation
Transposition
