STATICS OF SPACE AND BASICS OF ISRO

Question 1

GK OF SPACE

Answer 1

1. The National Aeronautics and Space Agency, or NASA, was founded in 1958—the same year President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the National Aeronautics and Space Act and one year after the Soviets launched Sputnik 1, the world’s first artificial satellite
2. Alpha Centauri is the name of the closest star system to earth. It comprises two main stars, Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B, as well as the closest of the three stars, Proxima Centauri.
3. Also known as M31, ANDROMEDA galaxy is the closest to the Milky Way, where the Earth exists.
4. A barycenter is the common center mass around which a solar system orbits.
5. Lagrange points are positions in space where objects sent there tend to stay put. There are 5 such points.
6. One light-year roughly equates to 6 trillion miles.
7. A nebula is a large cloud of dust and gas in space that is produced when a star dies.
8. The point at which a body orbiting the Earth’s Sun is furthest from the Sun is known as APHELION. (opposite:PERIHELION)
9. The point at which a body orbiting the Earth (such as the Moon or an artificial satellite) is furthest from the Earth is known as apogee . Contrast perigee.

Question 2

CONTINUED

Answer 2

10. On October 4, 1957, Sputnik I launched from the U.S.S.R.’s Baikonur Cosmodrome and entered Earth’s orbit, becoming the first human-made object to enter space.
11. Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space on April 12, 1961, when he circled the Earth in Vostok I.
12. Valentina Tereshkova ,the 26-year-old Soviet cosmonaut became the first woman to visit space on June 16, 1963, when she embarked on a three-day mission aboard the Vostok 6 spacecraft.
13. Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk on the moon as part of the Apollo 11 mission in 1969.
14. Launched in 1977 along with its spacecraft sibling, Voyager 2, Voyager 1 is still going strong today. Though its primary mission was to explore Jupiter and Saturn—the craft discovered volcanoes on Jupiter’s moon and new details about Saturn’s rings—Voyager 1 has gone above and beyond in its exploration … literally. Not only did it snap a photo of our entire solar system in 1990, but it crossed into interstellar space in 2012, becoming the first human-made probe to do so.
15. The Hubble Space Telescope, the most advanced orbital observatory ever constructed at the time, launched for the cosmos on April 24, 1990.
16. The Hubble Space Telescope, the most advanced orbital observatory ever constructed at the time, launched for the cosmos on April 24, 1990. In 2018, legislation was approved to extend ISS operations through 2030.
17. The James Webb Space Telescope is a space telescope designed primarily to conduct infrared astronomy. As the largest optical telescope in space, its high infrared resolution and sensitivity allow it to view objects too early, distant, or faint for the Hubble Space Telescope. It was launched on 25 December 2021 and has a dimension of 20m*15m

Question 3

ISRO HISTORY

Answer 3

The Indian Space Research Organisation is the national space agency of India, headquartered in Bangalore.

It operates under the Department of Space (DOS) which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India, while the Chairman of ISRO acts as the executive of DOS as well.

The Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) was established by Jawaharlal Nehru under the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) in 1962, on the urging of scientist Vikram Sarabhai, recognising the need in space research. INCOSPAR grew and became ISRO in 1969, within DAE.

ISRO built India’s first satellite, Aryabhata, which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1975.[13] In 1980, ISRO launched satellite RS-1 onboard its own SLV-3, making India the seventh country to be capable of undertaking orbital launches.

ISRO has the world’s largest constellation of remote-sensing satellites and operates the GAGAN and NAVIC satellite navigation systems. It has sent two missions to the Moon and one to Mars.

Chairman-Sreedhara Panicker Somanath

Question 4

SUMMARY OF ISRO’S SPACE EXPLORATIONAND MISSIONS

Answer 4

India’s Space Mission, 1984: Indo-Soviet Manned Mission where Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian Citizen to flew into space

Total number of foreign satellites launched by ISRO: 345 (34 countries)
Spacecraft missions: 114
Launch missions: 84
Student satellites: 13
Re-entry missions: 2

some important events :
#ISRO First Indian Satellite, Aryabhata, launched (April 19, 1975).

Chandrayan, 2008: First lunar mission, launch from Satish Dhawan Space Centre

Question 5

SUMMARY OF ISRO’S SPACE EXPLORATIONAND MISSIONS

Answer 5

India’s Space Mission, 1984: Indo-Soviet Manned Mission where Rakesh Sharma was the first Indian Citizen to flew into space

Total number of foreign satellites launched by ISRO: 345 (34 countries)
Spacecraft missions: 114
Launch missions: 84
Student satellites: 13
Re-entry missions: 2

some important events :
#ISRO First Indian Satellite, Aryabhata, launched (April 19, 1975).

Chandrayan, 2008: First lunar mission, launch from Satish Dhawan Space Centre