ICJ AND INDIA Flashcards
About ICJ
TheInternational Court of Justice, sometimes known as theWorld Court,is one of thesix principal organsof theUnited Nations(UN).
It settles disputes between states in accordance withinternational lawand givesadvisory opinionson international legal issues. The ICJ is the onlyinternational courtthat adjudicates general disputes between countries, with its rulings and opinions serving as primarysources of international law.
The ICJ is the successor of thePermanent Court of International Justice(PCIJ), which was established in 1920 by theLeague of Nations and formally dissolved in 1946.
During theSan Francisco Conference, which took place from 25 April to 26 June 1945 and involved 50 countries, it was decided that an entirely new court should be established as a principal organ of the new United Nations.
The ICJ consists of a panel of 15 judges elected by theUN General AssemblyandSecurity Councilfor nine-year terms.
No more than one judge of each nationality may be represented on court at the same time .
Seated in thePeace PalaceinThe Hague, Netherlands, the ICJ is the only principal UN organ not located in New York City.
Its officialworking languagesare English and French.
Since the entry ofits first caseon 22 May 1947, the ICJ has entertained 181 cases through September 2021.
The relationship between the ICJ and theSecurity Council, and the separation of their powers, was considered by the court in 1992 in thePan Amcase.
Present president - Joan E Donoghue
Vice president- Kiril gevorgian
ICJ STATUTE
TheStatute of the International Court of Justiceis an integral part of theUnited Nations Charter, as specified byChapter XIV of the United Nations Charter, which established theInternational Court of Justice.
The Statute is divided into 5 chapters and consists of 70 articles.
The 69 Articles are grouped in 5 Chapters:
Chapter I: Organization of the Court (Articles 2 - 33)
Chapter II: Competence of the Court (Articles 34 - 38)
Chapter III: Procedure (Articles 39 - 64)
Chapter IV: Advisory Opinions (Articles 65 - 68)
Chapter V: Amendment (Articles 69 & 70)
Under Article 38.2, the court is allowed to decide a caseex aequo et bonoif the parties agree thereto.
All193 UN member statesare parties to the Statute by virtue of their ratification of the UN Charter. Under Article 93(2) of the UN Charter, states which are not a member of the UN may become a party to the Statute, subject to the recommendation of theUnited Nations Security Counciland approval of theUnited Nations General Assembly.
India at ICJ
India has litigated on 6 cases till now.
Indian Judges at the ICJ
Judge Dalveer Bhandari: Member of the Court since 27 April 2012
Raghunandan Swarup Pathak: 1989-1991
Nagendra Singh: 1973-1988
Sir Benegal Rau: 1952-1953
