SPLOPS module 6 Flashcards
Most detection read-out is done ?
in real time
Monitoring equipment helps you determine what 3 things?
appropriate PPE
safe areas and evacuation zones
control tactics
what is the most important initial check on an instrument?
the battery check
What is relative response?
when an instrument reading is higher or lower than the actual concentration of vapors or gases present.
The time it takes the instrument to obtain the sample and produce readings is called what?
Response time.
UL and FL markings mean what?
intrinsically safe for class 1 division 1 groups ABCD.
Explosion proof labels mean?
reactions are contained within enclosures.
What is the sampling procedure while using a sample line?
1 to 2 seconds per ft of hose.
Definition of accuracy?
average of all measurements fall within an acceptable predetermined interval from the true value.
Definition of precision?
grouping of separate readings around a calculated average.
what are the three different scales for a CGI?
PPM
% LEL
% gas
CGI’s with IR capability can read what?
CO2 and CH3 levels in concentrations above 5,000PPM.
An appropriately set CGI low level alarm is set at what percent of the cal gas?
10%
What gas is required for proper functioning of a CGI since it requires combustion of the vapor or gas its detecting?
Oxygen
ambient air for calibrating and 02 sensor should be what %?
20.9%
oxygen enriched atmospheres are what %?
greater than 23.5%
Detector tubes detect what?
only if a chemical is present
Although detector tubes are calibrated to 1 material it may respond how?
to other materials that have similar structure and reactivity.
How should detector tubes be stored?
left in the their original box.
The aspiration pump for detector tubes must be calibrated how often?
on a quarterly basis.
A negative response for a detection tube may be more informative than a positive one why?
Since in can exclude number of potential chemical contaminants.
Another name for radiation survey instruments commonly found in fire departments today is called what?
Ludlam meter.
Gamma radiation is measured in what?
mR/hr or uR/hr - roentgens.
alpha and beta radiation is read in what?
CPM- counts per minute
Transport packaging containing radioactive material is read how?
millirem/ hr @ 1 meter from the surface of the box.
Primary disadvantage of a dosimeter is?
gives measurements of radiation that ALREADY has been received.
PID’s are designed to detect what?
organic vapors or gases in low PPM range.
PID’s determine what?
if there are high or low concentrations of s chemical present.
Definition of ionization potential?
the energy required to move the OUTTER MOST electron from the atom or nucleus.
How is ionization potential (IP) expressed?
Electron volts.
PID’s readouts in regards to IP are in what measure?
PPM.
PID readings of 5 PPM or more of an unknown gas or vapor mean what?
Indicate need for protective clothing and breathing apparatus.
Advantage of FID vs PID?
FID’s are not restricted by IP because it burns the actual material allowing higher PPM and allow identification of the gas or vapor.
FID’s measure reading are in what?
PPM
what gas or vapor must be present in order for the FID to work?
oxygen.
what 2 modes do FID’s work in?
Survey and gas chromatography.
What is survey mode with a FID?
translates organic vapors into concentration of PPM.
What is gas chromatography mode?
the sample can be identified by seperating it into GC columns and the chemicals retention time.
What is retention time?
the amount of time a substance remains within the column of the GC .
In order to use the FID’s GCs function what has to be known?
A general idea what gases or vapors may be present.
What are the simplest kits in order to test for hazards?
Test papers and or kits.
What are the basic rules for detection devices? (7)
- prioritize monitoring- measure 02 levels first.
- select to appropriate instrument
- absence of evidence is evidence of absence.
- never assume only 1 hazard is present.
- use one instrument to confirm another
- interpret readings in more than 1 way
- establish action levels.- (unknowns have a 25% LEL.)
