Company officer ch5 Flashcards
What is the first step in developing an IAP?
understanding the causes of FF deaths and injuries
A document that addresses and minimizes the chances of harm by identifying and controlling factors that might lead to FF injury or death?
Incident action plan- IAP.
Who publishes reports about incidents that leads to a serious injury or death?
NFPA- national fire protection “association”
USFA- US fire administration
NIOSH-National Institute for Occupational safety and health
IAFF- international association of FF
The National FF near miss reporting system is based on what program? p 87
Aviation safety reporting system.
What are the 4 simple habits to improve the safety of a crew? p 88
Be physically fit
wear seatbelts
practice safety through training and personal example
Maintain fire company integrity at emergency scenes
What is the leading cause of death for FF? and by what percent? p87
heart attack / 41%
What is the leading cause of deaths for FF by a “Traumatic” event?
p 88
Collisions-
What is the NFPA number for D/O qualifications?
NFPA 1451
What does an IAP provide? pg 89
a concise, coherent means of capturing and communicating :
- incident priorities
- objectives
- strategies
How are most initial IAP’s captured? pg 89
oral
A single unit IAP includes what basic elements? p 89
Specifies incident objectives
States activities to be completed
covers specified time frame- (operational period)
Term used to identify a period of time in a written IAP is called what?
pg-107
Operational period.
What are federally funded operational times frames ?p 107
12 hours
What are local incident time frames for operational periods? p107
8 hours
This organization establishes federal workplace safety regulations in the US? p 89
OSHA- Occupational health and Safety “Administration”
IDLH is defined as what and by what NFPA#? pg 89
Any condition that impose:
- an “immediate” or delayed threat to life
- cause irreversible adverse health affects
- or interfere with and individuals ability to escape unaided from a hazardous enviornment.
What are the requirements for the 2 in 2 out rule? p 89
- A designated officer in charge
- 2 FF enter together and maintain visual or voice contact while wearing SCBA
- 2 FF outside the IDLH
- account for the interior team
- remain capable of rescue of the interior team.
What are the points to the driver response plan? p 90
Its not a race
Safe is more important than fast
stop at red lights and stop signs
If they don’t get out of your way, do not run them over.
What is the NFPA standard for RIC? p 90.
NFPA 1407
What are the components to an accountability system?
Method to identify all personal who are on scene
Method to identify personnel in the hazard area
Process to “quickly”account for personnel during an unusual event
Process that personnel DO NOT go UNACCOUNTED for, for an extended period of time.
When is a PAR undertaken? p 90
Every 20 min
Sudden change in operating conditions
Flashover/ collapse
Moving from offensive to defensive fire attack.
A “PAR’ falls under which NFPA requirement?
NFPA 1500
What are the elements to “overriding “ the 2 in 2 out rule? p 91
If there is a chance that a victim will be rescued alive
What is the minimum size team of an interior team? p 91
2 persons in full PPE, SCBA, PASS device, and at least 1 radio.
Equipment of a comprehensive safety program allows crews to do what? p 91
Navigate locate victims locate hazards evaluate fire conditions find escape routes
What is defined as-“ continual connection between the functions being performed by the company and the overall situation? pg 91
Situational awareness.
What is “ based on a hazard and situation assessment weighs the risks involved in a particular course of action against the benefits to be gained from taking those risks” ? p 91
Risk Benefit analysis
From studies how much time and how many FF does it take to rescue a downed FF? p92
21 minutes and 12 FF
What is the only situation that truly justifies exposing FF to a high level of risk is what? pg 92
where there is a realistic chance that a life may be saved.
What is a written document that provides information that personnel can use to determine the appropriate actions in the event of an emergency? pg 92
Pre-incident plan.
A risk benefit analysis begins with what ? pg 92
Pre-incident plan
What is the NFPA standard for Safety officer? p 92
NFPA 1521
Who does the Safety officer directly report to? pg 92
IC
Items that support the interior attack team are? pg 93
work as a team stay together stay oriented manage air supply get off the truck with tools and TIC for each member radios for each member regular updates assess risk v benefit
The requirement that someone is to be in charge and coordinate resources and strategies is in force when? pg 93
With the first arriving officer
How is information exchanged between the SO and IC? p 93
Verbally and at the Command post.
The SO is required to ? p 93
Identify and report hazards
immediately stop unsafe acts
Ensure that policies are followed
What is one of the PRIMARY responsibilites of a SO? p 93
identify hazardous situations and dangerous conditions at an emergency incident and recommend appropriate safety measures.
What the differences between non-imminent and imminent situations?
pg 93
non- imminent: consult with IC
Imminent: immediately stop or suspend activites
What are the general knowledge requirements for SO? pg 93
Safety and health hazards involved in emergency operations
Building construction
Local fire dept personnel accountability system
Incident scene rehab.
Where are assistant SO required? p94
high rise fire,
hazmat incidents,
special rescue operations
What are multiple assistant SO called? pg 94
Safety Unit
Process of providing rest, rehydration, nourishment, and medical eval to members who are involved in strenuous or extended - duration incidents is ? pg 94
Rehabilitation
What is the Tactical - level management unit that provides medical eval, treatment, monitoring , fluid and food replacement, mental rest, and climate conditions?
Incident scene rehabilitation
What is the ratio of LODD to Injury? pf 95
1: 1000
What are the summary points for FF rehab? pg 95
Stop before you drop cool down when hot warm up when cold dry off when wet stay hydrated monitor VS.
What are the methods used to ensure policies are followed and understood? pg 95
signing a document
officer to read the document to crew
members individually read and present
watch videos and critique
What are 5 resources that can be accessed to review safety policies? pg 95
- Report of the week
- The secret list
- Emergency responder safety institute
- STATer911
- NIOSH reports.
What is the leading type of injury for FF? pg 95
sprains and strains
What is considered the Protective ensemble? pg 96
Turnout coat pants boots gloves hood helmet SCBA PASS device
FF operating in Hazardous areas should carry what items? pg 96
Radio forceable entry tool wire cutters escape rope flashlight
Who is responsible for determining whether it is safe to reduce level of PPE at any time? pg 96
IC AND SO.
NFPA standard for Infection control ?
NFPA 1581
What are the 6 components of a Fire dept infection control program? pg 97
Written policy identifying goals Written "risk mgt" plan annual training Designated infection control officer Instructions on how to handle exposure incidents
what is the decontamination solution for equipment? pg 97
manufacture’s guideline
1% bleach and water solution.
What is the most important step with any exposure? pg 97
wash the exposed area immediately and throughly with soap and water
If soap and running water is not available for an exposure then what can be used? pg 97
waterless soap
antiseptic wipes
alcohol
other skin cleaning agents
What is the minimum documentation for an expousre? pg 97
description of how exposure occured mode of transmission entry point use of PPE medical f/u and tx.
An “Accident “ is defined how? pg 99
any unexpected event that interrupts or interferes with the orderly process of fire dept operations, to include personal injuries or property damage.
What are the 3 phases of an investigation? pg 99
- Identification and collection of physical evidence
- interviews with witnesses
- written documentation at the end .
What is the 1st question to ask during the interview process? pg 99
Verbal chronology of whatever occured.
What is the last thing to do during the interview ? pg 99
Restate previous questions in a different order and different perspective to verify previous answers.
What are the 2 primary reasons there has been a decline FF death over the past 30 years? pg 101
Decline in Sudden cardiac death and decreasing number of structure fires.
Where are FF being killed most ? pg 101
responding to emergencies.
What are the most significant factors in preventing heart attacks? pg 102
regular medical exams and physical fitness programs
What is the 1st , 2nd and 3rd leading causes of death in FF’s? pg 102
1st- Sudden Cardiac arrest
2nd- traumatic injuries
3rd - Asphyxiation/ burns
What is the reason for traumatic injury being 2nd? pg 102
Collisions - persons responding to the emergency scene
tender rollovers
What is the direct cause for asphyxiation or burns? pg 102
Fire itself
What are the 4 HFACS levels? pg 103
Level 1- unsafe acts
Level 2- Preconditions to unsafe acts
Level 3- Unsafe supervision
Level 4- organizational influences
Define Level 1 HFACS categories (2 of them ) pg 103
Errors and Violations
Errors- unintentional and are based on decisions,skills, or perceptions
Violations- intentional - “routine or exceptional”
What are the subsets to “Errors” ? pg 103
Decisions- flaws in communicating
Skills- lack of situational awareness or memory failure
Perceptions- visual illusions
What are the subset to Violations? pg 103
Intentional acts : Routine- no safety equip, not following best practices
Exceptional- not qualified to perform.
What is Level 2 HFACS?
Conditions and practices of individuals involved.
Standard conditions: mental, physical, psychological
Sub- standard practices: lack of CRM, or personal readiness
What is Level 3 HFAC’s? pg 103
To examine the role of supervision.
4 levels:
- inadequate supervision
- allowing inappropriate operations
- failure to correct known problems
- supervisory violations
What is Level 4 HFAC’s pg 103
organizational influences:
Resource mgt- budget, training, staffing, equipment
Climate- command, delegation, risk mgt, safety programs
Gordon Graham advocates what? pg 104
Emergency organizations concentrate on high-risk/ low frequency events. Not allowing discretionary time to evaluate.
What is the critical part of an accident report? pg 105
determining the root cause.
An accident report should contain what ? pg 105
outlines the problem
actions to correct the problem
additional items that should be implemented.
What is the real value in a post incident analysis? pg 105.
the learning process that results from the information obtained during the process.
What are the 4 roles to provide a safe environment? pg 105
- identify unsafe and hazardous conditions
- mitigate or reduce as many problems as possible
- train and prepare for the remaining hazards
- Model safe behavior.
