Company officer ch19

Question 0

CRM is based off of what incident?

Answer 0

1978 crash of a DC8 aircraft.

Question 1

CRM is what?

Answer 1

A behavioral approach to reducing human error in high risk consequence activities.

Question 2

Who developed CRM?

Answer 2

Nasa in 1979.

Question 3

What are 5 steps to create a safety culture? pg 387

Answer 3

Provide honest sharing of safety info w/o reprisal from supervisors
adopt a nonpunitive policy towards errors
Take actions to reduce errors in the system
Train in avoidance and detection
Train in evaluating situations, error avoidance, managing safety process

Question 4

What is CRM designed to do?

Answer 4

Train team members how to achieve maximum mission effectiveness in a time constrained environment under stress.

Question 5

What are Gordon Dupont’s Dirty Dozen? pg 387

Answer 5

lack of assertiveness
lack of awareness
lack of communication
lack of knowledge
lack of resources
lack of teamwork
complacency
distraction
fatigue
norms
pressure
stress

Question 6

Dr James Reason’s evaluated what in the error making process?

Answer 6

Systems errors

Question 7

The swiss cheese theory is based on what?

Answer 7

the presence of a hole in one defensive layer not creating a bad outcome but when all the holes align a bad or catastrophic outcome becomes more likkely.

Question 8

What is the difference between active and Latent conditions?

Answer 8

Active- people committed the acts

Latent- inevitable system issues

Question 9

CRM is an error based model that incorporates 3 items? pg 388

Answer 9

Avoidance
entrapment
mitigation

Question 10

What are the 6 areas of CRM?

Answer 10

Communication
Teamwork
Task allocation
critical decision making
situational awareness
Debriefing

Question 11

Define communication?

Answer 11

The successful transfer and understanding of a though from one person to another.

Question 12

What are the 2 keys in reducing errors from communication?

Answer 12

appropriate assertive behavior

developing a standard language

Question 13

What is the 1st indication of a communication error?

Answer 13

a discrepancy between what is going on and what should be occuring.

Question 14

Define Inquiry?

Answer 14

the process of questioning a situation that causes concern.

Question 15

Define Advocacy?

Answer 15

a statement of opinion that recommends what the person believes is the proper course of action under a specific set of circumstances.

Question 16

What is the key factor in communication?

Answer 16

To focus on what IS right rather than WHO is right.

Question 17

What is Todd Bishop’s 5 step assertive process? pg 389

Answer 17

Opening attention getter
stating the concern
stating the problem
stating a solution
obtaining agreement or buy in

Question 18

Under Teamwork, what provides formal structure at task, tactical, and strategic levels?

Answer 18

The Incident Command system

Question 19

Under teamwork True respect is based on 3 competencies?

Answer 19

personal
technical
social

Question 20

What is a highly effective technique under teamwork? pg 389

Answer 20

Leading by example

Question 21

_____ is normal, inevitable occurance.

Answer 21

Human error.

Question 22

_________ __________ creates an environment that fosters open communication, promotes safety, and encourages subornates’ belief in the team.

Answer 22

Human Error.

Question 23

What are the differences between “Task Allocation and “Task overload?

Answer 23

Allocation is dividing responsibilities among individuals and teams

Overload is when the officer exceeds capacity to manage all simultaneous functions and responsibilities.

Question 24

Fire officers fall into 3 categories when multitasking? pg 391

Answer 24

Reluctant
overwhelmed
Effective assessors.

Question 25

What document highlighted that pilots were so busy they failed to recognize when the situation was getting out of control? pg 392

Answer 25

The multi-tasking myth- Handling complexity in real world operations 2009.

Question 26

Performance is enhanced through what?

Answer 26

training classes, live training, table top exercises, didactic presentations, mentoring, exchanging.

Question 27

Gary klein used to cognitive models- what are they?

Answer 27

RPDM- recognized primed decision making (recognizes plan)

Naturalistic decision making (how decisions made in environment)

Question 28

Define situational awareness-

Answer 28

an “accurate” perception of what is going on around you and the basis of choosing courses of action now and in the future.

Question 29

Situational awareness is what type of factor?

Answer 29

Human factor element

Question 30

What is one of the most common human factors that leads to a loss situational awareness? pg 393

Answer 30

the tendency to ignore, or disregard information that is out of context.

Question 31

What are the 6 steps to maintain emergency scene situational awareness?

Answer 31

Fight the fire
assess the problem (30-60sec)
gather information from all sources
choose the best option
monitor and alter the plan as necessary
be aware of loss of factors: ambiguity, distraction, fixation, overload, complacency, improper procedure, unresolvedness.

Question 32

What are the Mental joggers?- personal? pg 395

Answer 32

what do i know that they need to know
what do they know that i need to know
what do we all need to know.

Question 33

Who is the best position to lead change within the fire dept? pg 395

Answer 33

Fire officer.

Question 34

If a change to policy or creating a new one where should one begin?

Answer 34

With the results of a Post incident debriefing.

Question 35

Organizations that have embraced CRM have seen how much of a reduction in incidents, accidents, and injuries?

Answer 35

70-89%