SPLOPS COMBINED Flashcards
Can ABC kits be used for other chemicals than chlorine?
yes.
Pneumatic plugs for drums range in size from ?
4 inches to 3 feet.
what are the general confinement techniques for a solid?
Site control.
What are offensive operations decisions that need to be made?
what stresses caused the breech? Identity of the product Defensive actions already taken Offensive ops risk vs. benifit what hazards result in taking offensive ops Can offensive ops work Can offensive ops be done safely Can offensive ops mitigate the situation.
what are the most basic control measures for tank cars?
if open- close it - clockwise
if loose- tighten it- clockwise
if missing- replace it
What are the considerations for overpacking a container?
Must be 85 gallons
Compatible with material or chemical hazard
must write chemical name on container
must write salvage drum on container
must be able to withstand pressure and not over pressurize container
If a relief valve on a non-cyrogenic tank is operating what should you do?
find out the reason it is operating, if the product is causing a hazard then defensive measures should be taken.
Are leaks from pressure relief valves considered a breach?
NO.
What should be done first before overpacking a drum?
stop the leak first.
how much does a nearly full 35 gal drum weigh?
approx 600lbs
What are the terms when discussing damage to a container?
Cracks- narrow splits or breaks scores- indentation gouges-removal of container material dents- deformities burns
What must be done to any container before attempting to control a leak?
stabilize the container.
What are mitigation methods for 55 gal drums?
Overpacking
bandages
plugging/ patching
sealants
Flaring is used when?
disposal of flammable materials
What is the advantage of a vacuum truck
does not have to develop a higher pressure than the damaged container.
AFFF foam for non-polar substances like gasoline/ oils work by?
reduces surface are and decreases heat production
Define containment?
KEEP IN CONTAINER
actions taken to keep material in “container”
Best methods for practicing on pressure vessels?
First practice without protective clothing
second add gloves
Third, use all together.
Cargo tank mitigation includes what?
replacing bolts, gaskets or caps.
what are the general confinement techniques for a liquid?
absorption/ adsorption damming/diking diversion dispersion retention.
What are the general techniques for containment?
Auxiliary closure devices bandages neutralization overpacking patching plugging
What is the anatomy of a drum?
circular opening at the top- BUNG
First rim at the top- CHIME
rims or rings below the 1st- ROLL RINGS
What are considered auxiliary tools?
bung wrenches
non- sparking tools
drum leveler/ up righting
dolly/ carts
What are the general control techniques for a gas or vapor?
Suppression
dispersion
confinement.
What type of call makes up most Hazardous materials calls?
Non- bulk container.
when and why do hazardous materials releases occur?
improperly secured valves bad gaskets overfilling unsecured fittings venting from relief valves
Venting is used for what material?
non-flammable gases
What are considered general hazards?
physical environmental container hazards container stability Container integrity Energy releases.
Cargo control tank mitigation from piping or valves should be?
closing valves upstream of the leak.
What is the pressure in the piping generally for a cargo tank?
75 psi
Cargo tank removal methods include?
flaring
transferring
venting
venting/burning
define confinement
actions to keep material in an area?
Regardless of flammability hazards, what should be controlled?
All ignition sources.
What are auxiliary control devices or measures?
Dome clamps
engineered shut off valves
A B C chlorine kits
sealants
what should be done if unsure of a container’s status?
take defensive measures and get expert help.
definition of sublimation
the ability of a solid to change state directly to a gas.
defintion of temperature
measure of heat energy.
Cyrogenics are defined at what temperature?
Boiling point - 130 degrees F
Definition of flash point?
minimum temp of a LIQUID can ignite a flash in the vapor space of the liquid.
NFPA definition of Flammable liquid?
NFPA definition of combustable liquid?
liquids have flash points less than 100 degrees F
liquids have flash points between 100 and 200 degrees F
Definition of viscosity?
ability of a liquid to be poured.
What does OC and CC mean with relation to flammable liquids?
open cup and closed cup testing.
By doubling the distance in regards to radioactivity what happens?
the energy is decreased by 1/4.
Expansion ratio of LPG- liquified petroleum gas?
250:1
1% equals how many PPM?
10,000.
Definition of LEL and UEL?
concentration of vapor from a liquid
or flammable gas in air.
what are the common units of measurement for pressure?
760 mmhg
760 torr
1 atm
14.7psi
definition of vapor pressure
ability of material to evaporate.
Definition of specific gravity?
the weight of a material with reference to water wether it will sink or float. Water being 1.0.
Which “TYPE” of organic peroxides are the most unstable and forbidden in transport?
Type A and are usually dissolved in a solvent to prevent the chemical reaction.
DOT definition of flammable liquid?
liquid have a flash point less than 140 degrees F.
Definition of corrosivity?
solid, liquid, or gas that burns, irritates, or destructively attacks organic tissues.
Either acids or bases.
What is the flash point of gasoline?
-45 degrees F
Emmited energy as a result of a change in the nucleus or its atoms is called?
Radioactivity.
Radiation is measured in what units?
RAD- radiation absorbed dose
Definition of solubility?
ability of a substance to mix completely with another substance.
oxidizers and corrosives make what class of chemical?
inorganic perioxides
the lower the flash point the ________ flammability of the liquid.
“Higher”
Organic peroxides are composed of what?
an oxidizer and compound that contains a fuel.
Definition of “ignition temperature or Auto ignition temperature”?
Temperature at which a materials vapors start to burn without flame or other ignition source.
Acidity is based on what factor?
amount of H ions in solution.
Definition of contamination?
when a radioactive material becomes attached to something.
DOT definition of compressed gas?
pressure of 40psi at 70 degrees F.
what are non-polar substances?
gasolines, oils, petroleum based products.
Expansion ratio for LNG- liquid natural gas?
600:1
what is vapor density?
the ability of the vapor to rise or sink when compared to air
Pyrophoric solids ignite at what temperature?
at or below 130 degrees F
Properties of Beta particles
travel distance of approx 30ft.
moderate size particle
moderate energy emited.
Definition of Solvent?
material in GREATER concentration in a mixture
OSHA radiation exposure limits are ?
3 rem/ quarter or 5 rem/ year.
Home propane tank pressures are regulated at?
working pressure of 240psi
pressure relief @ 375psi
testing pressure @ 480psi.
Properties of alpha particles
shortest traveling distance at about 4”
largest of radioactive particles
lowest energy emmited.
what percentage of space must remain in the container of a compressed gas?
15%
Properties of Neutrons
Travels the furthest and requires significant shielding
size is larger than beta but 1/4 the size of alpha.
found generally with atomic weapons.
the amount of time it takes for half the atoms in a sample to decay is what?
half- life.
Radioactive particles cause damage by 2 ways:
disrupting cell division
forming H202 chemicals in the body.
Definition of solute?
material in LESSER concentration in a mixture.
How is vapor density measured (2 ways)?
in relation to air being 1 and MW of air being 29.
Difference between gamma and x-rays origination?
Gamma originate in the nucleus and x-rays outside the the nucleus.
Explosion proof labels mean?
reactions are contained within enclosures.
What is gas chromatography mode?
the sample can be identified by seperating it into GC columns and the chemicals retention time.
Gamma radiation is measured in what?
mR/hr or uR/hr - roentgens.
What are the basic rules for detection devices? (7)
- prioritize monitoring- measure 02 levels first.
- select to appropriate instrument
- absence of evidence is evidence of absence.
- never assume only 1 hazard is present.
- use one instrument to confirm another
- interpret readings in more than 1 way
- establish action levels.- (unknowns have a 25% LEL.)
What gas is required for proper functioning of a CGI since it requires combustion of the vapor or gas its detecting?
Oxygen
Primary disadvantage of a dosimeter is?
gives measurements of radiation that ALREADY has been received.
Although detector tubes are calibrated to 1 material it may respond how?
to other materials that have similar structure and reactivity.
Monitoring equipment helps you determine what 3 things?
appropriate PPE
safe areas and evacuation zones
control tactics
PID’s determine what?
if there are high or low concentrations of s chemical present.
The aspiration pump for detector tubes must be calibrated how often?
on a quarterly basis.
what gas or vapor must be present in order for the FID to work?
oxygen.
What are the simplest kits in order to test for hazards?
Test papers and or kits.
Definition of accuracy?
average of all measurements fall within an acceptable predetermined interval from the true value.
Most detection read-out is done ?
in real time
Definition of ionization potential?
the energy required to move the OUTTER MOST electron from the atom or nucleus.
UL and FL markings mean what?
intrinsically safe for class 1 division 1 groups ABCD.
Definition of precision?
grouping of separate readings around a calculated average.
what is the most important initial check on an instrument?
the battery check