PBCFR SOG's Flashcards
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What defines level 2 QAS criteria?
Buildings that have complex systems such as HVAC or fire suppresion systems… (airport terminals and Hospitals)
What comprises level 1 QAS criteria
Strip malls w/ anchor stores greater than 10,000sqft
Buildings 3 stories or higher
Any self storage facility
Where are level 2 QAS information found on site?
In the fire control room or security office that is staffed 24/7.
Who determines additional QAS’s outside the criteria?
Battalion chief level by appropriate battalion chief
Time utilized to conduct a QAS shall be documented in ARI under what code?
FF-022
Changes to a QAS are done in what progams?
Existing QAS in fire zone and the EZ-QAS
Alterations or re-draws to a QAS should be done if what things change on reinspection?
Floor plan Occupancy Storage Fire suppression systems H20 supply
What are the drawing requirements within fire zone for a QAS?
Length and width of the building Distance between the 2 closest hydrants At least 1 street North arrow must be at the top of the page on the R side with the arrow pointing to the top or to the R. Text box to contain number of floors.
What are the tabs in EZ-QAS?
Access hazards Construction Fire protection H20 supply Contact info Survey info
Who determines the schedule for QAS’s?
Battalion chief
Once the QAS is completed who gets a completed and printed copy?
District chief
Who may delete QAS numbers and assignments?
District chief
Where are the QAS’s located?
DC’s vehicle
District captains vehicle
1st due apparatus
Officer responsible for a single company ?
Tactical officer
Single resource at the rank of district captain or higher?
Command officer
What does the command sequence consist of?
Incident priorities Situation evaluation Strategies and tactics Development of IAP Evaluation of IAP
What are the incident priorities ?
LIPE
Life safety
Incident stabilization
Proprerty conservation
Evidence preservation
What is the situation evaluation acronym?
COAL WAS WEALTH
Construction Occupancy Apparatus and personnel Life safety Water supply Appliances Street conditions Weather Exposers
Time of day
Hazards
Situation evaluation is based on what factor?
Critical incident factors
Strategy is defined as?
What needs to be done-
RECEOVS Rescue Extinguishment Confinement Exposures Overhaul Ventilation Salvage
Which mode of operation is assumed on initial incidents?
Offensive mode of operation
What needs to be in effect / announced when transiitioning in modes of operation?
Emergency traffic and remains until
Completed PAR’S and personnel are out of the building
Offensive attack is defined as?
Active dynamic problem that requires immediate action
Defensive attack is defined as?
Advanced stage of fire w insufficient resources and no life safety factors exist.
Investigating is defined as?
No clear viable indications.
The who, what, when, where define what?
Tactical sequence
Who is responsible for a formal written IAP on large incidents?
Planning sections chief.
What drives the IAP?
Strategic decisions and overall operational approach.
IAP is defined as?
Tactical assignments and work plan required to achieve the strategic objective and solve the problem.
How often is a size up and evacuation of the IAP conducted ?
At least every 10 minutes
What requires activation of the ICS?
When the involvement of 2 or ore companies are needed
Hazmat incidents
What is the numerical requirement for hazmat incidents ?
NFPA 472 OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120
Who establishes command initially ?
The 1st arriving UNIT.
If multiple units arrive at the same time who establishes command ?
1 st arriving station officer.
What are the initial actions of the IC initially and what should be completed?
CAN and 360
What is required for command to be transferred or assumed
Person must be on scene
Face to face or radio
Given report of : Current situation
Plan
Mode of operation
Unit locations
Assignments
IC to notify dispatch that command has been assumed or transferred
For larger complex incidents or longer than. hrs what should be activated?
6hrs and incident management team or tactical command unit.
What defines “termination”
Where the incident has de- escalated to a point where all units have returned to service.
Radio transmissions should start with what.
ID of the receiver then the ID of the sender
If an interruption occurs who continues communication?
Original communication to tell other unit to “stand by” and continue message
How are building sides designated?
Alpha bravo Charlie delta
What is the fire ground simplex channel and what is the radius?
15a and approx 1 mile
Definition of a PAR?
Indicates the total number of people in and out of the hazard areas and have been accounted for.
“water on fire” means?
The seat of the fire has been located and water is being applied.
“fire under control” means?
The fire has been CONTROLLED and further EXTENSION ELIMINATED and EXPOSURES PROTECTED
“Fire out” means?
Overhaul is complete.
“extrication in progress” means?
Extrication has begun.
“Extrication complete” means?
That all pts have been removed - no more pt’s exists and no more extrication exists.
Who is responsible for noting pertinent changing conditions on scene?
Each firefighter thru the chain of command
When is a “Mayday” called?
For any lost, trapped or disoriented firefighter.
Mayday procedure?
Firefighter to declare mayday
IC to declare emergency traffic and PAR
Possible activation of the RIC
Mayday to be cleared 2x by dispatches
Emergency evacuation means?
Imminent danger on scene or in the area.
Emergency evacuation procedure.
IC declares emergency evacuation Emergency traffic in effect Air horns 1-10 sec the silence for 10 sec for a total of 50sec. Evacuation of area PAR
What is PBCFR and PBSO code for help?
10-24
What does “on the air” mean?
Used by either or stations that only one unit is available.
Emergency response is defined as?
An immediate threat to life safety and or property
Non emergency response defend as?
No immediate threat to life safety and or property
Usually for second due units
Should remain on fire main
What response is for the quint and platform in and out of their zones?
In zone code 3
Out of zone code 1
How doe the canteen respond?
Code 1
Dry brush response is what?
1st engine and rescue code 3 all others code 1
What calls require code 3 responses?
Small LP leak w/o fire
Chemical emergency
Fuel spill leak
Car in canal w/ no report of victims
What calls require staging for law enforcement then code 1 then code 3?
Fights, assaults, domestics, shootings, stabbings, and 911 hang ups
What is level 1 staging?
Units are ready for immediate deployment
Multi company responses
Who reports directly to the incident on fire calls? Or which units report directly?
1st apparatus with a fire pump
1st rescue
District capt
DC
Where should 2nd due apparatus with a fire pump stage?
At a hydrant closest to the incident.
Level 2 staging is for what incidents?
Multiple alarms
MCI level 2. (11-20) victims
Hazmat incidents
Airport index level 3 alerts
Who is in charge at level 2 staging?
Staging area manager as appointed by the IC or Operations section chief
Who is the staging area manager and what can they do?
Usually a single person resource or a single person from a multi unit company
Can request units from dispatch to meet the IC’s par levels or requirements
Staging at a Hi-rise fire is where?
1-2 floors below the fire floor.
Definition of “Base”?
Staging of resources prior to entering the incident and is usually several blocks away from incident.
Safety officers fall under what NFPA number?
NFPA 1500
What is the form that the ISO must use on scene?
Tactical safety check sheet
Where does the ISO fall in the ICS structure?
Command staff
Where does the documentation go in ARI for the ISO?
Under the units narrative page
When can the ISO be released ?
Not until released by the IC or the designee
Can the ISO be re-assigned?
Yes to meet incident priorities and cannot hold multiple positions.
What is the term used for multiple safety officers?
Assistant safety officers
Who do assistant safety officers reports to?
ISO
When is an ISO needed?
On incidents that become so large or complex it threatens responder safety
Hazmat incidents
Wildland fires that have 4 or more units working
IDLH
Hi hazard training
What needs to be established safety wise on hazmat incidents?
Hazmat assistant safety officer
Who can fill the role of hazmat Assistant safety officer?
A person trained to the level of at least technician.
What form must be filled out of hazmat calls and by whom?
ICS 208 HM and by the ISO.
Health and safety officer responsibility ?
Monitor and direct overall safety program or the dept
What can the health and safety officer investigate ?
Incidents involving career and volunteer firefighters in which ALS care was rendered, becoming non-ambulatory or fatality
MVC where all above apply and involving civilians
If a crew member suffers an SCBA problem beyond a low air alarm or temp alarm ?
Entire crew must exit
Contact crew integrity by?
Voice, touch, sight, and line signals
Mayday procedures ?
Request mayday IC to declare emergency traffic LUNAR Location- last known location Unit- assigned to Name- ff, lt. Air supply- remaining Resources -what is needed
Existing hose is being replaced by?
Red/ white and yellow/ white
If unable to get of the structure what should you do?
Lay horizontal in doorway or hallway
Shine flashlight to ceiling
Pass device
make tapping noises
Who does command need to notify upon RIC activation ?
trauma hawk
Who is responsible for updating the shift and station assignments - what in particular ?
Company officer- UIP’s PAT’s and computer
What is considered full bunker gear?
Bunker pants and coat Suspenders Gloves Boots Helmet SCBA mask Nomes hood
What manufacturer of bunker gear do we use?
Cairns
When handling hose what is the minimum PPE?
Helmet, gloves, eye protection
What must be worn in the roadway minimum PPE?
ANSI approved traffic vest
When can an SCBA be removed in an IDLH?
When overhaul, ventilation and atmospheric monitoring is complete
What 3 things have to be completed before an SCBA can be removed in an IDLH ?
Overhaul , ventilation, atmospheric monitoring
What information is on a PAT?
Name and rank
How is a D/O PAT placed on the accountably board when at the pump panel?
Upside down and at the bottom of the UIP
What does it mean when a D/O PAT is upside down and at the bottom of the UIP?
driver is at the pump panel
What is level 1 accountability ?
Start of the day and PAT’s on the unit UIP’s
What is level 2 accountability or when does it need to be in place?
When multiple units are operating in a hazardous area simultaneously
Where are UIP’s placed on the command board with level 2 accountability?
Left side for working units and right side for support.
When is level 3 accountability established?
Hi-rise incidents
Below grade incidents
Hazmat incidents
Complex incidents that require use of an SCBA
Who is in charge to track accountability on a hazmat incident?
Site access control leader
At a Hi-rise incident who tracks accountability ?
Lobby control leader
What is given when requesting a PAR
Unit
Assignment
Location
What are the PAT colors?
White- chief officers/ command officers Red- company officers / tactical officers Blue- paramedics/ ff Yellow- firefighter Black - D/O Brown- volunteer Green - EOD swat
What colors are the UIP’s
White- command staff Red- engines Blue- rescues Black- quints/ platforms Black - tenders Green - brush
What colors are the helmet shields?
White- chief officer
Red- officers
Black - D/O
Orange- probationary
What is needed to start interior fire fighting
At least 4 persons
What 2 things define an IDLH?
O2 <19% or >23%
Any fire beyond the incipient stage
When can the 2 in 2 out rule be violated ?
When immediate life threading situation exists and or to prevent loss of life based on findings or suspicion.
When should RIC be assigned and consist of?
Established as soon as possible
With a minimum of 2 persons w/ full PPE, tools, outside the IDLH
Should be an entire engine crew
Duties of RIC?
Provide emergency assistance to FF operating in IDLH in case of a lost or trapped FF.
Perform a 360 and survey hazards, structural stability and egress
When should RIC be deployed?
Risk benefit indicates
Lost tapped or injured FF
Low air alarm or pass device w no or undetermined PAR
FF separated for crew and no radio contact
IC to have dedicated rescue
RIC is trained to what standard?
State and federal guidelines
Who is RIC on a Hi-rise that results in a second alarm or greater?
Special ops
If the special ops group is reassigned from RIC in a hi-rise or second alarm or greater who assumes this assignment?
A second special ops group
What is contained in a lock/out tag out kit?
6 padlocks w 2 keys
6 do not operate tags
2 multi lock hasps
What is the procedure for lock out tag out on residential incidents.?
Breaker to off
Place do not operate tag
Place in obvious place
Explanation to owner as to problem
LP gas leak - same as above Valve to off Tag w completed info May be removed for gas company to apply their tag.
What is the commercial application for lock out/ tag out?
Same as residential but cannot be removed until directed by the IC
LP leak
Same as residential but cannot be removed until directed by the IC
When can a lockout/tag out tag not be placed or removed without IC direction?
Sprinkler control valves
Elevators with building maintenance or elevator company OS.
What information should be placed on the elevator tag?
Unit, station #, dispatch number, person in charge
Where are TIC’s assigned?
Every 1st out engine/quint or rescue pumper along with inside the district capt and DC vehicle
Who can be consulted as to these of a TIC in and IDLH?
Safety officer can be consulted as to the use in non intrinsically safe environments
Who is responsible for the TIC?
Officer is to check each day
Definition of primary search ?
Indications of a salvage life AND the structure is still tenable
No primary searches with a fully involved structure and must respond to command
Fire development determines primary search
Which areas should be searched first?
Reported victim location
Most severely threatened
Largest area
Remained of fire area
Exposed areas
What is the benchmark for primary search complete.
All clea
When victims are found what must be reported?
Location found
of victims
Egress means
Secondary search occurs when?
After primary search And when conditions permit
Should be done by a different crew
First company officer to operate hose lines off of what with regards to fire attack operations.
Tank water
What is the exception to using tank water initially in fire attack operations.
When sufficient resources on initial response and water supply is close enough for a reliable water supply
Second due engine function with fire attack operations?
Water supply
Limitations of flow without water supply?
Can NOT flow more than 200 gpm
DO to advise CO or IC when?
At 50% tank water
At 25% tank water and to evacuate
Prior to laying lines DO must?
Check water supply is secure and functional
DO is responsible to notify or advise who and about what ?
Location And type of water supply to be communicated to IC
The IC can coordinate with who to boost pressure or maintain hydrant pressures?
FOO
In an area with no hydrants what position should be established?
Water supply officer.
When is an offensive attack defined and considered ?
After primary search and when fire is still I controllable stage with no evidence of structural collapse or failure.
Most residential fires 1-2 rooms can be contained with?
1 3/4 flowing MINIMUM 100gpm
Beyond the room of origin how can it be controlled?
2 1/2 with MINIMUM 200 gpm
What has the greatest impact on outcome on the incident with fire attack?
The initial attack
Before additional lines can be put in place what has to happen ?
Initial attack line must be I place and flowing water
Definition of “static hose pack”
For stretches that exceed the limitations of pre connects and allow for rapid FF carry and deployment
PBCFR carries 2 static hose packs- what are they?
100 ft 1 3/4 coil pack
200 ft 2 1/2 horseshoe pack
What class and percent foam is used on all fires?
.25% class A foam
Placement of hose considerations should be?
Protecting FF during primary search
Protecting victims and occupant access
Confine or extinguish fire
Protecting exposures
Back up lines must be?
Same size and length
Support operations of offensive attacks include?
Forceable entry, overhaul, and salvage.
Defensive attack operations are aimed at what?
Protecting exposures
When can elevated streams be used?
When the building or portion of building is a loss and no FF operations are taking place inside
Collapse zone is defined how?
1 1/2 times the building height.
Established on all defensive operations
On defensive attacks no interior operations can be considered until what?
Truss and roof conditions have been evaluated.
What should be used to control energized electrical equipment such as a power pole?
Fog pattern amped at the base of the pole to protect exposures and surrounding area.
Lock out of downed power lines generally occurs when?
After 3 attempts to re- energize
Power lines become hot or rest by what methods?
Manual switch is operated
Automatic reclosing
Induction- near another line
Back feeding
“reel memory” is what
A power line that curls or rolls back on itself
An exclusionary zone is defines as?
The distance equal to 1 span between power poles
What actions to be take on below ground transformers?
Let burn and protect exposures.
What actions to take on above ground transformers?
Allow to burn until utility company can extinguish with dry chem or Ariel device
How are substation fires handled?
Consult utility company
How are electrical vault fires handled?
Allow to burn, protect exposures, and consider decontamination
Situational awareness is defined as
Process to identify, comprehend, analyze, and react to a critical situation.
Situational awareness includes what?
Closest exit, air consumption, fire conditions, and scene safety.
What is the objective of air management?
To monitor and manage consumption with functions to exit IDLH without activation of a low air alarm
Initial entry with SCBA is minimum PSI?
4050
Air consumption is effected by?
Physical fitness, exertion, emotional stability , work being performed
When must officer be notified at what % or PSI?
2250 or 50 %
What is a low air alarm a true emergency ?
Because it indicates the consumption into the reserve air area.
To conduct a large area search what is the minimum to start?
Minimum of 6 persons
TIC
Level 3 accountability
RIC at strategic locations
Tools for large area search can include what?
Rope bag or 200 ft of dry fire hose.
Response to fire alarms is how?
Code 1 with discretion to code 3 by company officer.
When can a unit cancel on fire alarms?
Upon monitoring company notification of a false alarm AND proper code reset.
What must units do when business or homeowner states that no emergency exsists with fire alarm
Still respond code 1 to verify
When can a alarm be silenced?
After a through search off the building for fire conditions.
How do crews respond to a water flow alarm?
Code 3
Check panel, locate risers, check for flow.
If no knox key exsists for building who gets contacted ?
BOSS or bureau of safety services
Who do crews contact for malfunctioning elevators?
The buildings elevator service company.
What is the activity sequence for elevator operations?
Determine location, establish contact with passengers, assess passengers, identify malfunctioning elevator, Secure power
How do you ensure hoist way doors are closed?
Send FF to each floor and push each door toward the closed position
Where is the main disconnect located for elevators and how many are there?
Within arms reach of the elevator machine room and there are usually 2 power switches.
Phase 1 elevator operations is?
Fire service key to return car to main floor
If the car is within 3 ft of a landing how handled?
Power off
Open hoist way
Switch to “stop”
Passengers out with ladder or step stool.
Elevator car greater than 3 ft?
Consider SPLOPS
Power off to elevator and adjoining elevators
Ladder to top of car the. Ladder into car.
Switch to stop
Passengers out
What do civilians need PPE for elevator ops?
Ladder belt, rescue knot, helmet and rope.
When does elevator operations become a rescue?
When firefighters must enter and operate within the hoist way.
Who responsible for personnel being seat belted in ?
DO
On residential structure fires company officer ca slow units to code 1 and instruct the. To go where?
Level 1 staging.
“Working fire “ is defined as?
Any fire requiring the use of 1 or more handlines for fire attack AND the use of all the initial responding engines and rescues .
Incident management of residential structure fires consists of?
Establishing command
Directing incoming resources
Command sequence
1st arriving engine assignment to residential structure fire?
Identify problem
Primary search
Interior firefighting off tank water
Secure water supply
1st arriving rescue assignment on residential fires?
Incident priorities then other functions
2nd arriving engine on residential fires?
Reverse lay
Water supply then support functions - fire attack or RIC
3rd arriving engine on residential fire?
Fire attack or support functions
Second arriving rescue?
medical unit and primary responsibility is EMS for civilians and FF
If no EMS then rehab.
If reassigned the third rescue needs to be dispatched
Where does the second rescue report to and with what?
Command post with gear and stretcher
1st arriving quint or platform assignment on residential fires?
Truck company functions and the secondary search after fire extinguishment
First arriving chief officer assignment on residential?
Assumes command and incident objectives
1st arriving district capt. Assignment on residential fires ?
360 and safety officer
Second arriving chief officer assignment residential fires.?
Command staff or general staff/ aide
1st arriving engine on commercial fires?
360
Identify
Determines strategy confinement, ventilation, shelter in place
Secure water supply
First arriving rescue to commercial fire?
Incident priorities
Determine access and egress
Primary search or fire attack
Second arriving engine on commercial fire?
Supply the fire protection system
Secure and water source
Third arriving engine to commercial fire?
Support functions or truck functions
Second arriving rescue commercial fires.?
Medical unit
First arriving chief, district capt, and second arriving chief officer on commercial fires?
Same as residential fires.
Arrival report for vehicle fires consists of?
Conditions actions and needs with command sequence
What level accountability to be set for a vehicle fire?
Level 1 accountability
Rescue job on vehicle fire?
EMS- the. Back to IC for reassignment
Fire attack to consist of on vehicle fires ?
Upwind and approach from 45 degrees and from sides.
What is the highest priority in car fires ?
RESCUE
What is the minimum flow for care fires?
Minimum 100gpm with 1 3/4
Overhaul on car fires consists of what?
Dc the battery by cutting both positive and negative
Search for victims
Investigator contact
When must an investigator be contacted on car fires?
Any vehicle that was stolen
Where ALS care was needed and transported
Fatality
Brush fire response includes what units?
Brush unit and engine to be a ask force.
Arrival reports for brush fire includes?
Acreage involved , access routes, direction of spread, exposures, vegetation involved .
Definition of a “ flanking attack”
Attacking the sides of a fire from an anchor point to the head.
Definition of “direct attack”?
Attacking from the head of the fire which is the most dangerous.
Definition of “indirect attack”?
Protecting exposures and allowing the fire to burn to a different location better suited for fire control
What is the primary goal during indirect attacks with brush fires?
Exposure control
Mop up is considered to be with brush fires?
Wetting down within a 50 ft area of the fire control line
If water supply is short with brush fires where should the water go?
To the burning material
What is the minimum PPE for brush fires?
Fire boots Bunker pants or brush gear Gloves Helmet Fire shelter
What is the acronym for safety considerations on a brush fire?
LCES
Lookouts
Communications
Escape routes
Safety zones
How often should crews be rehabbed during brush fires?
Every 30 minutes
Considerations for apparatus placement on vehicle accidents?
Traffic flow
Fuel leaks and hazmat
Access to hose lines
Powerlines
1st arriving engine on vehicle accidents?
Scene stabilization
Vehicle stabilization
Patient care
Extrication
What vehicles must be chocked or blocked?
Vehicles on side , on a barrier, upside down
What type of hose line when extrication is needed?
1 3/4
Before moving vehicles rescue personnel should do what?
Use orange traffic paint to mark vehicles
Who and how to notify if it necessary to leave scene on MVC?
Law enforcement through dispatch
1st arriving rescue to MVC?
EMS
1st arriving district captain on MVC?
360
Safety officer or establish medical group
PBCFR is trained to what level for HAZMAT?
1st responder operations level
Positions for hazmat calls physical locations staging ?
Position upwind and uphill
Initial actions for HAZMAT incident ?
Uphill upwind Retreat if necessary Establish command Level 3 accountability Defensive measures only
What book MUST be used initially on HAMAT incidents ?
ERG
First responding unit should use defensive control measures to include?
RIPN
Recognition
Isolation-
Protection
Notification
Recognition n hazmat incidents include?
Quantity and type material Occupancy and location Container shape and size Physical and chemical properties Marking and colors UN numbers, placards or labels Shipping papers MSDS QAS
Isolation on hazmat call means?
Initial isolation zones per ERG
Area of safe refuge for contaminated persons
Defensive actions for protection area want for Hazmat?
Damming Diking Diverting Vapor supression Remote shut off valves Fire supression and exposure protections Moving or relocating containers
What position MUST be established on hazmat calls?
Assistant safety officer
What is a rescue vs recovery in water incidents?
Rescue is considered less than 1 hr- recovery generally tot law enforcement
How many people needed to start dive rescue operation?
- 3 Trained persons and 1 IC
When can dive operations commence with less people?
Where firefighters find or suspect an immenent life threatening situation where immediate action may prevent the loss of life
How does SPLOPS respond to dive incidents ?
Code 3 as long as level 1 divers in the water or until dive operation has terminated .
What should be established on DIve calls with witnesses?
Last scene point and marked with a pelican float.
What must be established for personnel working on scene with dive operations?
Hot zones established All personnel working within to have PFD Level 3 accountability Medical group establish Declare mode of operation
What form to be used in water incidents?
Water rescue accountability worksheet.
What are the benchmarks for water related incidents ?
Diver entry and exit Victim located Victim extricated Change in mode of operation Termination
Dive signals what are they - Tender to Diver
2- change direction and take up slack
3- come to surface
4- stop and stay down surface unsafe
What the one signals- Diver to Tender
2- give slack
3- found something
4- help deploy the backup diver
Level 1 dive operations equipment consists of and what personnel?
Mask fins , snorkel
Primary diver
Back up diver
line tender
Level 2 dive operations consist of ?
Diver in full scuba gear and dry suit
Back up diver
90% diver
What patterns are to be used with dive operations and when?
Semi circular search when last scene point is established
Parallel search when no last scene point established.
What are the mission parameters with dive operations?
Limited to inland waterways, lakes, pools, canals and oceans less than 40 ft
Bottom times for oceans limited to bottom time and decompression
Air supply benchmarks with regards to water incidents are?
1000 psi- discontinue task and prepare for surfacing
800 psi- immediate surfacing in safe manner.
How Dow you know to immediately surface during water operations
@800 psi red light in heads up display with activate.
What is the maximum dive time for a single diver?
One full bottle by one hour rest.
When can divers NOT enter the water?
When water is moving greater than 3mph.
What is the minimum to establish a landing zone?
3 person engine company , quint or rescue pumper
Area of 120x 120
What is the minimum PPE for LZ?
Helmet, eye And ear protection.
Where should personnel stand for landing helicopter ?
Marsheller to the center of the LZ and rotor guards to the side until acknowledged by aircraft.
Once on final approach personnel to move to L front corner of the LZ
Approaching helicopter should be at what degree?
30 degrees
How long must the LZ be maintained for after departure?
For a minimum of 2 minutes
Acronyms: LIPE COAL WAS WEALTH RECEOVS LCES RIPN
Life safety, incident stabilization, property conservation, evidence preservation
Construction, occupancy, apparatus/ personnel, life safety, water supply,
