Spinal Cord of Pelvic Organ Function

Question 1

What is bladder function controlled by?

Answer 1

Integration of sensory, motor & visceral functions

Question 2

What do somatic afferents sense from the bladder?

Answer 2

Pain & temperature

Question 3

What do visceral afferents sense from the bladder?

Answer 3

Bladder fullness

Question 4

What is the internal urtheral sphincter controlled by?

Answer 4

Sympathetic efferents

Question 5

When does the internal urtheral sphincter relax and when does it contract?

Answer 5

• relaxes: during urine storage
• contracts: during voiding

Question 6

What is the detrusor muscle in the bladder wall controlled by?

Answer 6

Parasympathetic efferents

Question 7

Where is the external urtheral spincter located, and what is it controlled by?

Answer 7

Location: deep perineal pouch
Controlled: by somatic motor efferents

Question 8

What centers does the sacral spinal cord contain?

Answer 8

Centers for control of urinatin, bowel function, & sexual function

Question 9

What is required during reflexive bladder function?

Answer 9

requires afferents, T11-L2 & S2-S4 cord levels, & somatic, sympathetic & parasympathetic effernts

Question 10

Somatic efferent singals elicit contraction of what?

Answer 10

External sphincter

Question 11

Where are the centers for voluntary control of voiding located?

Answer 11

• frontal cortex
• pons
• sacral spinal cord

Question 12

What happens when the bladder in filling?

Answer 12

Frontal cortex urination center inhibits the pontine urination center

Question 13

What does the pons signal when it comes to urination?

Answer 13

signals sacral urination center to empty bladder

Question 14

What does the frontal cortex urination center do when the bladder is full but it is not appropriate cirumstance to void

Answer 14

Frontal cortex urination center signals corticospinal neurons to LMN that control pelvic floor muscle contraction

Question 15

When the bladder is full and it’s appropriate to void what does the frontal cortex do?

Answer 15

Initiates voiding by disinhibtion of pontine urination center

Question 16

When pontine urination center signals ‘go’ to sacral spinal cord urinzation center what happesn?

Answer 16

sacral spinal cord urination center singals parasympathetic neurons to stimulate contraction of the bladder wall & relax internal sphincter

Question 17

Signals from the pontine center to the spinal cord inhibit what during voiding?

Answer 17

Inhibits sympathetic efferents & inhibits alpha motor neurons that elicit contraction of external sphincter & pelvic floor

Question 18

What is the signal to empty bowels?

Answer 18

Stimulation of stretch receptors in the wall of rectum

Question 19

What systems does sexual function rely on?

Answer 19

• neurendocrine
• limbic
• autonomic
• somatic

Question 20

What part of the spinal cord is vital for sexual function?

Answer 20

Lower spinal cord

Question 21

What are penile erection’s and clitoral engorgment & lubrication initated and maintaiend by?

Answer 21

Psychogenic and Reflexogenic processes

Question 22

Is the following psychogenic or reflexogenic?

erotic thoughts mediated via L1-2 sypathetic fibers

Answer 22

Psychogenic

Question 23

Is the following psychogenic or reflexogenic?

erection/engorgement & lubrication results from direct stimulation of genitals

Answer 23

Reflexogenic

Question 24

What is reflexogenic erection/engorgement & lubrication mediated by?

Answer 24

S2-4 afferents & S2-4 parasympathetic fibers

Question 25

Ejaculation and contraction of pelvic floor in women is mediated by what?

Answer 25

sympathetic nerves orginating in L1-2 & pudenal nerve with cell bodies S2-4