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Clinical Neuroscience > Somatosensory System Examination > Flashcards

Somatosensory System Examination Flashcards

1
Q

What does the accuracy of the information from the sensory examiniation rely on?

A

Patient’s ability to respond to applicatoin of multiple somatosensory stimuli

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2
Q

What is an important limitation of the somatosensory examination?

A

Reliance on conscious awareness of sensory stimulation

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3
Q

When testing senses are we testing for ability to use proprioceptive information to prepare for movement or the conscioius awareness of prioprioception?

A

Conscious perception of proprioception

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4
Q

What does the somatosensory examination assess? (4)

A
  • light touch
  • conscious proprioception
  • sharp vs. dull
  • discriminative temperature
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5
Q

How are signs of somatosensory dsyfunction categorized?

A

Loss of function or gain of function

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6
Q

What is the purpose of the somatosensory examiniation?

A

evaluate the pt’s ability to perceive sensory modalities in order to determine the functional integrity of the dorsal column medial leminscus and anterolateral somatosensory pathways

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7
Q

What are the types of sensations that can be impaired? (3)

A
  • Superficial
  • Proprioceptive
  • Discriminative
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8
Q

What are the types of severity that can take place with sensory impairment? (5)

A
  • Absent
  • Dimnished
  • Intact
  • Hypersensitive
  • Delayed Response
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9
Q

What is the testing sequence of the sensations?

A

Superficial, deep, then combined cortical

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10
Q

Where do sensory deficits associated with the cerebrum or brainstem usually occur?

A

Unilateral distribution often involving both the arm and leg on the side of the body contralateral to the CNS

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11
Q

What does sensory deficits in paraplegic distribution involving trunk and LE mean?

A

Spinal cord injury with sensory loss only in tissues innervated from below the injury level

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12
Q

What sensory deficit are dermatomal distribution related to?

A

Nerve root lesion resulting in band-like areas of sensory loss

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13
Q

A peripheral nerve lesion will result in what type of sensory loss?

A

Peripheral nerve distribution of sensory loss characteristic of the particular cutaneous nerve distribution for the lesioned nerve

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14
Q

A general peripheral distribution of sensory deificts is also called what?

A

Stocking-glove distribution

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15
Q

Where do sensory deficits of sporadic distribution usually occur?

A

Asymmetrical; affecting both sides but different regions on each side

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16
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

Absence of sensation

A

Anesthesia

17
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

Hypoesthesia

A

Decrease in sensibility

18
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

excess/increased sensivity

A

Hyperesthesia

19
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

ordinary stimulus results in unpleasant sensation

A

Dysesthesia

20
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

Painful response to a stimulus that should not be painful

A

Allodynia

21
Q

What is the following a defintion of?

Abnormal negative sensation without apparent cause

A

Paresthesia

22
Q

What type of sensory exam is the following?

  • Pain: testing sharp vs. dull discrimination or pinprick sensation
  • Temp: testing discriminiative temperature sensation
A

Spinothalamic Tract

23
Q

What type of sensory exam is the following?

  • Light touch localization
  • vibraratory sensation
  • conscious proprioception: joint position sense, joint movement sense
  • Discriminative Sensation (tests DCML and Pareital Cortex): two-point discrimination, graphesthesia, stereognosis, bilateral simulatenous touch
A

DCML pathway

24
Q

What type of sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- determine if the pt have protective sensation
- tests integrity of spinothalamic tract
- tests crude touch

A

Testing Sharp/Dull Discrimination

25
Q

Sharp vs. Dull Discrimination

Lesion is spinothalamic tracts or thalamortical radiations produces inability to distinguish ____

A

Sharp from dull

26
Q

Sharp vs. Dull Discrimination

Lesions of the primary sensory cortex interfere with the ability to ____ stimulus, but pt may be able to distinguish sharp from dull

A

Localize

27
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

  • determine if pt has protective sensation
  • tests integrity of spinothalamic tract
  • assesses the ability to percieve the difference between hot and cold stimuli
A

Testing Temperature Sensation

28
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- assess conscious proprioception
- tests large peripheral axon and the DCML pathway neurons
- important screen for neuropathy
- useful to monitor sensory recovery in pt’s with brachial plexues injuries or high peripheral nerve lesions

A

Testing vibration sense

29
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- assess the nerve integrity of the DCML pathway
- access conscious proprioception for relative static joint position of the upper extremities in space

A

Testing UE Joint Position Sense

30
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- Assess the nerve integrity of the DCML pathway
- Access consious proprioception for relative static joint position of the lower extremities in space

A

Joint LE Joint Position Sense

31
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- Assess the nerve integrity of the DCML
- Access conscious prioception for the ability to detect movement of the extremities in space
- Requires additional temporal processing of the proprioceptive sensation in the CNS

A

Testing Joint Movement sense: kinethesia

32
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- Testing the ability to localize or identify the site of touch sensation on the skin (topognosis)
- Determine the integrity of the DCML pathway for light touch

A

Testing Light-touch localization

33
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- assesses the ability to percieve two stimulaneously applied stimuli as two discrete sensations
- measure of the smallest distance between two stimuli that can still be perceived as two distinct stimuli

A

Testing two-point discrimination

34
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

  • tests the ability to use light touch, prioprioceptive, and movement information to identify an object placed in the hand
  • requires ability to discern size, shape, weight, consistency, and texture using combination of both tactile and proprioceptive sense
A

Testing Sterognosis

35
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- determines the ability to recognize letters, numbers, or designs on the skin
- tests the DCML system and parietal lobe

A

Testing Graphesthesia

36
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- assesses whether a patient can attend to stimuli on both sides of the body simultaneously

A

Testing Bilateral stimultaneous touch

37
Q

What sensory exam is the following?

Purpose
- Tests for neuropathic pain
- tests for pain evoked by stimulus that is not normally painful

A

Bunch Allodynia

Clinical Neuroscience (22 decks)

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