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NBCE sample questions and important info > spinal anatomy structures > Flashcards

spinal anatomy structures Flashcards

1
Q

the lamina-pedicle junction has 2 other names depending on location, what are they?

A

articular pillar- cervicals

pars interarticularis- thoracic and lumbar

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2
Q

what are the 4 ANTERIOR boundaries of the intervertebral foramen?

A

1 & 2 vertebral bodies (of vertebral couple/zygapophysis)
3 intervertebral disc
4 PLL

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3
Q

what are the 4 POSTERIOR boundaries of the intervertebral foramen?

A

1 postzygapophysis of above vertebra
2 prezygapophysis of vertebra below
3 capsular ligament
4 ligamentum flavum

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4
Q

what is the SUPERIOR boundary of the IVF?

A

inferior vertebral notch (vertebra above)

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5
Q

what is the INFERIOR boundary of the IVF?

A

superior vertebral notch (vertebra below)

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6
Q

what is the name given to any blood vessel supplying a vertebral segment?

A

segmental artery

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7
Q

which vertebral segment has the greatest arterial supply with median sacral, lateral sacral and iliolumbar arteries?

A

L5

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8
Q

where does the anterior spinal artery arise from?

A

vertebral artery

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9
Q

where does the posterior spinal artery arise from?

A

posterior inferior cerebellar artery

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10
Q

the subclavian artery is a branch off what artery?

A

vertebral artery

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11
Q

medullary (feeder) arteries arise from the spinal artery in the epidural space but penetrate where and do what?

A

they penetrate the subarachnoid space and accompany their respective nerve root

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12
Q

the anterior and posterior spinal arteries are not single continuous vessels but a result of a series of united branches derived from?

A

anterior and posterior medullary (feeder) arteries

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13
Q

the PLL and ligamentum flavum as well as the hoffman ligaments are contained in which space?

A

epidural space

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14
Q

what is the subdural (potential space) space filled with?

A

serous fluid

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15
Q

what fills the subarachnoid space?

A

CSF

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16
Q

which ligament is found in the subarachnoid space?

A

dentate ligament

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17
Q

where is the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord found?

A

C3-T1

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18
Q

where is the greatest transverse diameter of the spinal cord?

A

C6

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19
Q

where is the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord found?

A

T9-T12

20
Q

what is the lumbar enlargement a location for?

A

spinal nerves L1-S3

21
Q

neural tissue of the spinal cord terminates where?

A

L1 (rarely L2)

22
Q

where is the dural cul de sac located?

A

S2

23
Q

what is the elevated hook off the superior epiphyseal rim of the cervicals called? what forms between?

A

uncinate process; anterior and posterior groove

24
Q

what is the inferior epiphyseal rim projections of the cervicals called?

A

anterior and posterior lip

25
Q

what is the homolog of lateral mass in cervicals?

A

articular pillar

26
Q

ponticulus posticus has been identified as a source of compression of?

A

vertebral artery- migraines, epilepsy and ponticulus posticus presence correlation has been found

27
Q

what is defined as dense connective tissue attaching the spinal dura to osseous or ligamentous material around the vertebral foramen?

A

Hoffman’s ligaments

28
Q

what condition is a defect in the pars interarticularis, typically separating the inferior articular process, lamina, and spinous process from rest of vertebra?

A

spondylolysis

29
Q

what gender bias and segment is most common in cervical spondylolysis?

A

males and C6

30
Q

what is the x-ray appearance of someone with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

collared scotty dog

31
Q

bilateral spondylolysis can generate enough instability that vertebral body is displaced forward, what is this called?

A

spondylolisthesis- anterior slippage

posterior= retrospondylolisthesis

32
Q

which artery is the principal supply of the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord?

A

artery of Adamkiewicz- is an anterior medullary feeder artery on the left side at T9/10

33
Q

uncinate process-lateral groove aka

A

joint of luschka

34
Q

what are the 3 zones of the intervertebral disc?

A

central- nucleus pulposus
peripheral- annulus fibrosus
horizontal- cartilaginous end plate

35
Q

what is the remnant of the embryonic epiphyseal plate?

A

cartilaginous end plate

36
Q

what fibers are found in the cartilaginous end plate?

A

type II collagen fibers

37
Q

what condition is known as hyperostosis (calcification) of vertebral body from ossification of ALL via accessory bone growth?

A

forestiers/ DISH

38
Q

what ligament forms the anterior boundary of the spinal canal?

A

PLL

39
Q

the ligamentum flavum attaches lamina beginning at what vertebral couple and ending what vertebral couple?

A

C2/C3 and L5/S1

40
Q

which ligament forms the posterior wall of the spinal canal?

A

ligamentum flavum

41
Q

what is the only ligament of the vertebral column to maintain its elastic fiber content?

A

ligamentum flavum

42
Q

what is the function of the ligamentum flavum?

A

brake flexion along column and aid in extension

43
Q

articular processes of a vertebral couple are attached by which ligament?

A

capsular ligament

44
Q

which ligament lies btw spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae?

A

interspinous ligament

45
Q

fibers of the interspinous ligament blend with ______ ventrally and _______ dorsally?

A

ligamentum flavum; ligamentum nuchae/supraspinous

46
Q

which ligament extends from the EOP to C7 and assists in limiting flexion of cervical spine?

A

ligamentum nuchae

47
Q

which ligament is a continuation of ligamentum nuchae beginning at C7 and ending at L4?

A

supraspinous ligament

NBCE sample questions and important info (27 decks)

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