Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NBCE sample questions and important info > microbiology > Flashcards

microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

selective media agar type and what is it selective for?

A

sabouraud dextrose agar

inhibits bacteria, selective for fungi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

differential media agar type and what is it for?

A

blood agar

differentiate streptococcus species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

selective AND differential media agar type and what is it used for?

A

MacConkey agar

inhibits gram + selective for gram - and differentiates different gram - bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

psychrophilic

A

prefers cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

mesophilic

A

moderate temps PATHOGENS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

thermophilic

A

prefers high temps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are self-nourishing with CO2 as nutrient source?

A

autotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what need organic/environmental carbon for nutrients?

A

heterotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is gram + stain?

A

purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is gram - stain?

A

red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the simple stains?

A

crystal violet
safranin
methylene blue
malachite green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are acid fast stains?

A

red- mycobacteria

blue- other tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are endospore stains?

A

green- endospores

red- vegetative cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the gram + exceptions?

Us Um

A

listeria
nocardia
actinomyces
streptomyces- antiobiotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are gram - exceptions?

A Er

A 
pseudomonas
proteus- UTIs
vibrio-cholera 
haemophilus- meningitis in children 
bacterioides- appendicitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what have a waxy mycolic acid in cell wall?

A

mycobacterium- TB, leprosy, buruli ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what bacteria have NO cell wall?

A

mycoplasma- pneumonia

red- fried egg appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

prokaryotic cells ribosomes?

A

70s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

f-plasmids

A

fertility and conjugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

R-plasmids

A

resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

describe plasmids

A

extrachromosomal DNA

found more in gram -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is a dormant form of bacteria cell, most resistant?

A

endospore

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

which glycocalyx is tightly adhered

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

which glyocalyx is loosely adhered?

A

slime layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

eukaryotic cell ribosomes?

A

80s

EXCEPT mitochondria- 70s

26
Q

what is a virus that infects bacteria?

A

bacteriophage

27
Q

what is a proteinaceous infectious agent that lack nucleic acid?

A

prions

28
Q

what viruses are bullet shaped?

A

rabies and HIV

29
Q

what is the most common viral shape?

A

icosahedron- 20 sides

30
Q

what is a solid transported into a cell?

A

phagocytosis

31
Q

what is a liquid transported into a cell?

A

pinocytosis

32
Q

substances transported out of a cell?

A

exocytosis

33
Q

gene transfer- competent cell takes up DNA from environment?

A

transformation

34
Q

gene transfer- requires bacteriophage?

A

transduction

35
Q

gene transfer- f-plasmid cell transfers via conjugation pili

A

conjugation

36
Q

treatment of drinking water

A

1 coagulation and flocculation
2 sedimentation
3 filtration
4 disinfection

37
Q

what steps in drinking water treatment remove large particulate material?

A

coagulation and flocculation

sedimentation

38
Q

what are the 3 methods of filtration?

A

sand
activated charcoal
membrane filtration

39
Q

what are the 3 methods of disinfection?

A

chlorine
ozone
UV light

40
Q

treatment of wastewater

A

1 sedimentation
2 activated sludge or trickle filter system
3 chemical- chlorination
4 sludge treatment- anaerobic or methane

41
Q

pathogenicity vs virulence

A

pathogenicity- ability of microorganism to cause disease

virulence- degree of pathogenicity

42
Q

isolation vs quarantine

A

isolation- ill persons

quarantine- well persons exposed

43
Q

what is an inanimate object involved in indirect transmission of disease?

A

fomite

44
Q

incidence vs prevalence

A

incidence- # of new cases

prevalence- # of total cases

45
Q

what are some examples of live attenuated vaccines?

A

measles
mumps
rubella

46
Q

examples of killed non infectious vaccines

A

polio

47
Q

toxoid vaccine example

A

tetanus

48
Q

recombinant gene vaccine

A

HPV

49
Q

what does an adjuvant do?

A

increase immune response

50
Q

what is used to inactivate vaccines?

A

formaldehyde

51
Q

what is the term for effectiveness checked by measuring antibodies in the blood?

A

titer

52
Q

what is the most common fungal pathogen affecting humans?

A

histoplasmosis- 95% asymptomatic

53
Q

what is the most common fungal PATHOGEN causing disease in humans?

A

candidiasis-illness

54
Q

tinea capitis

A

body

55
Q

tinea unguium

A

head/scalp

56
Q

who used to treat polio virus with formaldehyde to kill the virus?

A

salk

57
Q

who used live and attenuated virus for his vaccine?

A

sabin

58
Q

what are examples of type 2 hypersensitivity?

A

pernicious anemia, blood incompatibility, myasthenia gravis

59
Q

what are examples of type 3 hypersensitivity?

A

SLE, RA, rheumatic fever, serum sickness

60
Q

what are examples of type 4 hypersensitive

A

infections, dermatitis, graft rejections

NBCE sample questions and important info (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions