Pathology- Nervous system Flashcards
Owls eye appearance
Cytomegalovirus
Negri bodies
Rabies
Autosomal dominant neurodegeneration of caudate and putamen nuclei
Huntingtons disease- trinucleotide repeats
Chorea and dementia
ALS
Motor neuron degeneration
UMNL and LMNL
Preserves extraocular muscles
Neurological effects of B12 deficiency
PLS- glove and stocking paresthesia
What disorder effects lateral spinothalamic tract
Syringomyelia- fluid filled cysts; loss of pain and temp
Parkinson’s aka
Paralysis agitans
Flame shaped bleeding in the pons dt transtentorial hemorrhage
Duret hemorrhage
Arnold-Chiari malformation types
Type 1- adults, HA
type 2- kids CSF obstruction
What does Arnold-chiari malformations affect?
Cerebellar tonsils herniating through foramen magnum
What is a widespread white matter disruption, post-traumatic coma or death result
Diffuse axonal injury
Intracranial arterial bleed
Epidural hematoma
Intracranial venous bleed
Subdural hematoma
Non progressive motor defects from perinatal CNS damage or anoxia
Cerebral palsy
MS is an autoimmune demyelination of what? And what shows up on MRI?
CNS neurons
White matter plaques on MRI
Which disorder causes Charcot’s triad, plaquing, staccato or slurred speech, tremors and nystagmus and more common in females
MS
Polio can affect
Both CNS and PNS paralysis
What is a benign nerve sheath tumor that is genetically inherited?
Neurofibroma
Wet beriberi
Heart failure as well as dry sx
Dry beriberi
Paresthesia, paralysis and nystagmus
What is an autosomal dominant condition that causes benign tumors throughout the body and in CNS?
Tuberous sclerosis
Horners syndrome
Sympathetics: ptosis, myosis, anhydrosis
What is a pediatric brain tumor located in the cerebellum
Medulloblastoma
Inherited peripheral neuropathy that produces pes caves
Charcot-Marie-tooth
Neuromuscular junction disorder that involves autoimmune attack on pre-synaptic calcium ion channels?
Lambert-eaton
Prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids may produce atrophy of?
Type II muscle fibers
Elevated cortisol from steroid meds or adrenal adenoma
Cushings
What are known as acoustic neuromas on CN VIII which can produce hearing loss
Schwannomas
Which neurofibromatosis type has multiple cutaneous neurofibromas, Lisch nodules on iris and cafe au lait spots?
Type 1
Which neurofibromatosis type has bilateral vestibular schwannomas with possible vision and hearing problems?
Type 2
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are common in
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Morton’s neuroma aka
Traumatic neuroma- disorganized Schwann cells common btw metatarsals, painful
Which disease is hyperthyroidism and may damage muscle cells as a “thyroxic myopathy”?
Graves
