Pathology- Nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

Owls eye appearance

A

Cytomegalovirus

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2
Q

Negri bodies

A

Rabies

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3
Q

Autosomal dominant neurodegeneration of caudate and putamen nuclei

A

Huntingtons disease- trinucleotide repeats

Chorea and dementia

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4
Q

ALS

A

Motor neuron degeneration
UMNL and LMNL
Preserves extraocular muscles

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5
Q

Neurological effects of B12 deficiency

A

PLS- glove and stocking paresthesia

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6
Q

What disorder effects lateral spinothalamic tract

A

Syringomyelia- fluid filled cysts; loss of pain and temp

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7
Q

Parkinson’s aka

A

Paralysis agitans

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8
Q

Flame shaped bleeding in the pons dt transtentorial hemorrhage

A

Duret hemorrhage

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9
Q

Arnold-Chiari malformation types

A

Type 1- adults, HA

type 2- kids CSF obstruction

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10
Q

What does Arnold-chiari malformations affect?

A

Cerebellar tonsils herniating through foramen magnum

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11
Q

What is a widespread white matter disruption, post-traumatic coma or death result

A

Diffuse axonal injury

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12
Q

Intracranial arterial bleed

A

Epidural hematoma

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13
Q

Intracranial venous bleed

A

Subdural hematoma

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14
Q

Non progressive motor defects from perinatal CNS damage or anoxia

A

Cerebral palsy

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15
Q

MS is an autoimmune demyelination of what? And what shows up on MRI?

A

CNS neurons

White matter plaques on MRI

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16
Q

Which disorder causes Charcot’s triad, plaquing, staccato or slurred speech, tremors and nystagmus and more common in females

17
Q

Polio can affect

A

Both CNS and PNS paralysis

18
Q

What is a benign nerve sheath tumor that is genetically inherited?

A

Neurofibroma

19
Q

Wet beriberi

A

Heart failure as well as dry sx

20
Q

Dry beriberi

A

Paresthesia, paralysis and nystagmus

21
Q

What is an autosomal dominant condition that causes benign tumors throughout the body and in CNS?

A

Tuberous sclerosis

22
Q

Horners syndrome

A

Sympathetics: ptosis, myosis, anhydrosis

23
Q

What is a pediatric brain tumor located in the cerebellum

A

Medulloblastoma

24
Q

Inherited peripheral neuropathy that produces pes caves

A

Charcot-Marie-tooth

25
Neuromuscular junction disorder that involves autoimmune attack on pre-synaptic calcium ion channels?
Lambert-eaton
26
Prolonged exposure to glucocorticoids may produce atrophy of?
Type II muscle fibers
27
Elevated cortisol from steroid meds or adrenal adenoma
Cushings
28
What are known as acoustic neuromas on CN VIII which can produce hearing loss
Schwannomas
29
Which neurofibromatosis type has multiple cutaneous neurofibromas, Lisch nodules on iris and cafe au lait spots?
Type 1
30
Which neurofibromatosis type has bilateral vestibular schwannomas with possible vision and hearing problems?
Type 2
31
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are common in
Neurofibromatosis type 1
32
Morton's neuroma aka
Traumatic neuroma- disorganized Schwann cells common btw metatarsals, painful
33
Which disease is hyperthyroidism and may damage muscle cells as a "thyroxic myopathy"?
Graves