general anatomy- pelvis, male and female info Flashcards
where does the external iliac artery continue as the femoral artery?
below the inguinal ligament
which artery is the major source of blood to the structures within the pelvis?
internal iliac artery
what forms the sacral plexus?
L4,L5
anterior primary rami of S1-S4
the sacral plexus lie primarily anterior or posterior to the piriformis?
anterior
what are the 2 routes that sympathetic fibers reach the pelvis?
sympathetic trunk aortic plexus (as hypogastric plexus)
the left and right sympathetic trunks join together and form?
ganglion impar
what forms a sling around the rectum at the anorectal junction?
puborectalis muscle
what is the lowest portion of the rectum?
rectal ampulla
which part of the rectum has no peritoneal covering?
lower 3rd
what divides the rectum into the upper visceral and lower somatic sections?
pectinate line
what are the 3 orifices that mark the angles of the trigone of the bladder?
internal urethral orifice
2 ureteric orifices
what supplies parasympathetic stimulation to the bladder?
pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4
activation of the pelvic splanchnic nerves causes which bladder muscle to contract?
detrusor
what carries sperm to the ejaculatory duct?
ductus deferens
where does the ductus deferens begin?
epididymis
when the ductus deferens joins with the seminal vesicles what does it form?
ejaculatory duct
what produces the alkaline component of semen?
seminal vesicles
what produces semen?
prostate gland
where do the 2 ejaculatory ducts and prostatic utricle open onto?
seminal colliculus
what hormones do the ovaries secrete?
estrogen
progesterone
relaxin
what are the boundaries of the ovarian fossa?
obliterated umbilical artery (ant)
ureter and internal iliac vessels (post)
ovary sits here
what is the most common site for fertilization?
ampulla
what is the opening of the uterine tube near the ovary?
abdominal ostium
what are the 4 parts of the uterine tube?
uterine part
ampulla
isthmus
infundibulum
isthmus of uterus aka
internal Os- narrow constricted portion btw the body and cervix
what is the opening of the cervical canal into the vagina?
external Os
what extends from the internal Os to the external Os?
cervical canal
what are the 3 parts of the broad ligament?
mesosalpinx
mesovarium
mesometrium
what is the recess between the cervix and walls of the vagina?
fornix
what is the diamond shaped space below the pelvic diaphragm?
perineum
what are the 2 triangles of the perineum?
urogenital triangle- anterior
anal triangle- posterior
what is the deep membranous layer of the superficial perineal pouch?
colle’s fascia
what muscles attach to the perineal body?
Superficial Transverse perineal Deep transverse perineal Bulbospongiosus Levator Ani Sphincter ani externus
what secretes mucus to lubricate the vagina during intercourse?
great vestibular gland
what stimulation causes erection in both males and females?
parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4
what is homologous in males to the greater vestibular glands in females?
bulbourethral glands
how does the pudendal nerve exit the pelvis?
through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis
where does the pudendal nerve enter the perineum?
lesser sciatic foramen
what are the branches of the pudendal nerve?
inferior rectal
perineal
dorsal nerve or penis or clitoris
what does the scrotum contain?
testes
epididymis
lower spermatic cord
