special senses

Question 1

Site of olfactory receptors

Answer 1

In mucosa of superior region of nose

Question 2

Three types of olfactory cells

Answer 2

olfactory receptors
supporting cells
basal cells

Question 3

Consist of olfactory hairs with chemoreceptors

These are first order neurons of olfactory pathway

Answer 3

olfactory receptors

Question 4

Epithelial cells: support, protect

Answer 4

supporting cells

Question 5

. stem cells that produce new neurons (receptors) throughout life.

Answer 5

basal cells

Question 6

Pathway for Olfaction

Answer 6

Olfactory nerves
Olfactory bulb
Olfactory tract
Olfactory cortex

Question 7

Located on tongue, pharynx, epiglottis

In structures called papillae

Answer 7

receptors in taste buds

Question 8

Five primary tastes

Answer 8

salt, sweet, sour, bitter, and umami

Question 9

pathway of tears

Answer 9

Lacrimal glands  lacrimal ducts  surface of upper eyelid  surface of eye 
Lacrimal canals  lacrimal sac  nasolacrimal duct  nasal cavity

Question 10

accessory structures for protection and lubrication (blinking)

Answer 10

eyelids

Question 11

accessory structures for protection from foreign objects and perspiration

Answer 11

eyebrows and eyelashes

Question 12

Formation of Image on Retina: Four Steps

Answer 12

refraction
accommodation
constriction
convergence of eyeballs

Question 13

bending of light rays as they pass from medium of one density to another of different density
Image is inverted but brain adjusts and interprets distance and size

Answer 13

refraction of light

Question 14

Lens adjusts shape for distance to allow image to focus on retina

Answer 14

accommodation

Question 15

For distant objects, ciliary muscle

________, __________ lens

Answer 15

relaxes

flat

Question 16

For closeup vision, ciliary muscle ____, ____ lens

Answer 16

contracts

fat

Question 17

can see near but not far objects

Answer 17

myopia

Question 18

Eyeball is too long so lens cannot accommodate enough to focus images of distant objects onto retina

Answer 18

myopia

Question 19

can see far but not near

Answer 19

hyperopia

Question 20

Eyeball is too short so lens cannot accommodate enough to focus images of near objects onto retina

Answer 20

hyperopia

Question 21

irregular curvature of cornea or lens

Answer 21

astigmatism

Question 22

: aging change  loss of elasticity of lens  farsightedness  reading glasses

Answer 22

presbyopia

Question 23

These disorders can be corrected with

Answer 23

lenses or LASIK

Question 24

LASIK

Answer 24

laser assisted in situ keratumileusis

Question 25

stapes is attached to which window

Answer 25

oval

Question 26

membranous labyrinth is filled with

Answer 26

endolymph

Question 27

Vestibule includes

Two sacs

Answer 27

utricle and saccule

Question 28

Contain membranous semicircular ducts

Each ends in a swelling known as ampulla

Answer 28

semicircular canals

Question 29

membranous, has endolymph

Contains spiral organ (sensory organ for hearing)

Answer 29

cochlear duct

Question 30

sensory organ for hearing

Answer 30

SPIRAL ORGAN

Question 31

The scala above

Answer 31

scala vestibuli

Question 32

scala that ends at oval window

Answer 32

scala vestibuli

Question 33

the scala below

Answer 33

scala tympani

Question 34

scala that ends at round window

Answer 34

scala tympani

Question 35

transmit and amplify vibrations

Answer 35

auditory ossicles

Question 36

equalizes air pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

Answer 36

eustachian tube

auditor tube