nervous tissue Flashcards
- MADE UP OF MULTIPOLAR CELLS WHICH ARE BASOPHILIC IN STAINING
- PRESENCE OF NERVE PROCESSES
- PRESENCE OF FISH-EYE NUCLEUS
nervous tissue
Layers of the Cerebellar Cortex
Outer molecular layer
Middle ganglionic layer
Inner granular layer
types of neuroglia
Ependymal cells Protoplasmic astrocytes Fibrous astrocytes Oligodendroglia (perineuronal, interfascicular and perivascular) Microglia
functions of neuroglia
Control environment within the CNS
Shuttle nutritive molecules from blood vessels to neurons
Remove waste products
Maintains the electrochemical surroundings of neurons
Metabolism of neurotransmitters
Guide developing neurons to correct locations in early development; in adult, provide structural support for nerve cells
Pseudounipolar
Fine Nissl bodies uniformly dispersed in cytoplasm
Presence of numerous satellite cells/amphicytes
Associated with myelinated fibers
Sensory
dorsal root ganglion cell
Multipolar
Intermediate sized Nissl bodies at periphery
Few satellite cells
Associated with unmyelinated nerve fibers
Motor
Autonomic ganglion
Types of Nerve Fibers according to ensheathement
Myelinated with neurolemma
Myelinated without neurolemma
Nonmyelinated with neurolemma
Nonmyelinated without neurolemma
dense material
Postsynaptic membrane only
Gray Type I (ACH)
dense material
Both pre and postsynaptic membrane
Gray Type II
GABA
synaptic cleft
30 nm wide
Gray Type I (ACH)
synaptic cleft
20 nm wide
Gray Type II
GABA
Synaptic vesicles
Round and large
Gray Type I (ACH)
Synaptic vesicles
Oval, flattened or pleomorphic
Gray Type II
GABA
Synaptic region
1-2 micrometer
Gray Type I (ACH)
Synaptic region
Less than 1 micrometer
Gray Type II
GABA
spinal cord protion
Basophilic
Contains nerve cell bodies and proximal processes
Protoplasmic astrocytes
inner gray
spinal cord portion
Non basophilic
Myelinated nerve fibers
Fibrous astrocytes and oligodendroglia
outer white
Layers of the Cerebellar Cortex
Outer molecular layer
Middle ganglionic layer
Inner granular layer
Layers of Cerebral Cortex
Molecular layer External granular layer External pyramidal layer Internal granular layer Internal pyramidal layer Multiform cell layer
INJURY TO NEURONS (CNS)
Neurons unable to regenerate except at hippocampal region
Area of injury filled up with astrocytic scar
Astrocytes proliferate in a random fashion and do not form a pathway to guide axonal sprouts
INJURY TO NEURONS (PNS)
Axonal regeneration possible with compression injury and neuronal cell body survive
Schwann cells proliferate and form bands of Bungner to guide distally growing axonal sprouts
TYPES OF SYNAPSE
Axo-dendritic
Axosomatic
Axo-axonicA
Type of neurons according to length of processes
Golgi cell type I
Golgi cell type II
Axonal Transport by Microtubules
Anterograde or orthograde transport-
Retrograde transport-
Axonal Transport by Microtubules
from cell body to terminals; fast and slow transport; based on action of protein kinesin
Anterograde or orthograde transport-
Axonal Transport by Microtubules
from terminals to nerve cell body; driven by protein dynein; rabies virus and Clostridium tetani
Retrograde transport-
