circulatory system histo

Question 1

Hollow organs possessing a lumen

Answer 1

blood vessels

Question 2

Walls of blood vesselspossess three coats:

Answer 2

Inner coat lined by endothelium
Middle muscular coat
Outermost fibrous coat

Question 3

Arteries have prominent —— coat

Veins have prominent —– coat

Answer 3

middle

fibrous

Question 4

Diameter between 7-9 um
Found in all tissue except mucus, connective tissue, cartilage, bone and epithelium
Single layer of endothelial cells
Pericytes as perivascular cells
External surface resting on basal lamina of collagen fibers

Answer 4

capillaries

Question 5

functions of capillaries

Answer 5

1. Selective permeability
   Intercellular junctions
   Fenestrae and pinocytic vesicles
   Blood brain barrier and other barriers
2. Metabolic
3. Non-thrombogenic

Question 6

types of capillaries

With uninterrupted endothelium and basal lamina
Lack fenestrae
Presence of pinocytic vesicles or caveolae intracellulares
Found in muscle tissue, CT, exocrine glands and nervous tissue

Answer 6

1. Continuous/Somatic

Question 7

types of capillaries

Large fenestrae in walls of endothelial cells and continuous basal lamina

Answer 7

fenestrated

Question 8

type of fenestrated/visceral
– fenestrae is 60-80 nm closed by a diaphragm, thin continuous basal lamina;
found in kidney, GIT and endocrine glands

Answer 8

with Diaphragm

Question 9

type of fenestrated/visceral

with very thick basal lamina; seen in renal glomerulus

Answer 9

Without Diaphragm

Question 10

type of fenestrated/visceral
wide lumen; less prominent basal lamina; no intercellular gaps and macrophages; found in endocrine glands, carotid and aortic bodies

Answer 10

Sinusoidal

Question 11

type of artery
Less than 0.5 mm in diameter
Narrow lumen
Tunica intima – endothelial cells with rod shaped granules for blood coagulation and a very thin subendothelial layer
Tunica media – 1-5 layers of smooth muscle cells
Tunica adventitia – very thin w/o external elastic lamina

Answer 11

arterioles

Question 12

type of artery
Tunical intima – lined by endothelial cells; thicker subendothelial layer; prominent internal elastic lamina

Tunica media – up to 40 layers of smooth muscle cells with elastic collagen fibers and proteoglycans

Tunica adventitia – external elastic lamina in large muscular arteries; collagen and elastic fibers, fibroblast, adipose cells, lymphatics, vasa vasorum and nerve

Answer 12

muscular arteries

Question 13

type of vein
Diameter of 0.2- 1 mm
Tunica intima of endothelial cells
Tunica media – 1-2 layers of smooth muscle cells
Tunica adventitia- thickest layer of CT rich in collagenous fibers

Answer 13

venules

Question 14

type of vein
Diameter of 1-9 mm
Tunica intima – endothelial cells with thin to absent subendothelial layer; presence of valves in legs and arms
Tunica media - small bundles of smooth muscle cells mixed with collagenous, elastic and reticular fibers
Tunica adventitia – well developed; rich in collagen fibers; vaso vasorum extends in intima

Answer 14

medium-sized vein

Question 15

kinds of veins

Answer 15

1. Venules
2. Medium sized veins
3. Large veins

Question 16

type of artery
Tunica intima – thicker than muscular artery; endothelial cells are folded or scalloped; subendothelial layer thick with absence of internal elastic lamina

Answer 16

large elastic arteries

Question 17

type of artery
Tunica intima – well developed
Tunica media – thinner with few smooth muscle cells and abundant CT
Tunica adventitia – thickest and well developed

Answer 17

large vein

Question 18

3 layers of heart

Answer 18

endocardium
myocardium
epicardium

Question 19

layer of heart
homologous to t. intima;
made of a singly layer of squamous endothelial cells resting on a thin subendothelial layer of loose CT containing elastic and collagenous fibers and smooth muscle cells;

Answer 19

Endocardium

Question 20

layer of heart
presence of subendocardial layer consisting of veins, nerve and branches of impulse conducting system of the heart (Purkinje fibers)

Answer 20

Endocardium

Question 21

heart layer
thickest of the layer consisting of cardiac muscle cells arranged in spiral manner; grouped into contractive cells and impulse generating and conducting cells

Answer 21

2. Myocardium –

Question 22

heart layer

serous covering of the heart of simple squamous epithelium; with veins, nerve and nerve ganglion

Answer 22

3. Epicardium –