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Anatomy > Special Senses > Flashcards

Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What structures pass through the optic foramen?

A

Optic nerve

Opthalmic artery

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2
Q

What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?

A

Occulomotor nerve

Opthalmic branch of Trigeminal nerve

Trochlear nerve

Abducens nerve

Opthalmic veins

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3
Q

What structures pass through the inferior orbital fissure?

A

Maxillary branch of Mandibular nerve

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4
Q

What parts of the eye make up the fibrous layer?

A

Sclera

Cornea

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5
Q

What aprts of the eye make up the middle vascular layer?

A

Ciliary body

Choroid

Iris

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6
Q

What are the structures that make up the inner sensory layer of the eye?

A

Neural layer

Pigmented layer

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7
Q

What is the fluid called in the anterior segment of the eye?

A

Aqueous Humour

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8
Q

What is the fluid called in posterior segment of the eye?

A

Viterous humour

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9
Q

What part of the eye produces aqueous humour?

A

Ciliary body

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10
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the eye?

A

Ciliaris

Pupillae constrictor

Pupillae dilator

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11
Q

What are the actions of each of the intrinsic muscles of the eye?

A

Ciliaris - accomodation

Pupillae constrictor - constricts pupil

Pupillae dilator - dilates pupil

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12
Q

What is the innervation of each of the intrinsic muscles of the eye?

A

Ciliaris - parasympathetic from occulomotor

Pupillae constrictor - parasympathetic from occulomotor

Pupillae dilator - sympathetic

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13
Q

What does the extrinsic muscles of the eye do to the eyeball?

A

Medial rectus - adducts

Lateral rectus - abducts

Superior rectus - elevates

Inferior rectus - depresses

Superior oblique - intort

Inferior oblique - extort

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14
Q

What is the function of the levator palpebrae superioris?

A

It elevates the upper eyelid

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15
Q

What is the only muscle that does not originate from the posterior aspect of the orbit?

A

Inferior oblique

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16
Q

What is the artery that supplies the eyeball?

A

Opthalmic artery

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17
Q

What is the opthalmic artery a branch of?

A

ICA

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18
Q

Which foramina do the opthalmic veins pass through on their way to the cavernous sinus?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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19
Q

Which nerve innervates the lacrimal gland?

A

Opthalmic branch of Trigeminal

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20
Q

Within which bone do the middle and inner ears lie?

A

Petrous part of Temporal bone

21
Q

What type of fluid lies inside the bony labyrinth?

A

Perilymph

22
Q

What type of fluid lies inside the mebranous labyrinth?

A

Endolymph

23
Q

What is the function of the semicircular canals?

A

Balance

24
Q

What is the function of the cochlea?

A

Hearing

25
Q

Through which foramen of the posterior cranial fossa does the facial nerve pass?

A

Internal acoustic meatus

26
Q

Which nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

A

Vestibulocochlear & Facial

27
Q

What does the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve innervate?

A

Parasympathetic fibres - submandibular and sublingual glands

Special sensory - taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

28
Q

Which lymph nodes drain the middle ear and lateral parts of the eyelid?

A

Parotid nodes

29
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the cheek region?

A

Buccal nodes

30
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain anterior tip of tongue, central floor of mouth and chin?

A

Submental nodes

31
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the front of scalp, nose, lips, sinuses (except sphenoid), anterior tongue?

A

Submandibular nodes

32
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the central area of the scalp and external auditory meatus?

A

Mastoid nodes

33
Q

Which group of lymph nodes drain the back of the scalp?

A

Occipital nodes

34
Q

What 4 bones form the Pterion?

A

Frontal

Parietal

Temporal

Sphenoid (greater wing)

35
Q

A collection of blood between the periosteum and the dura matter results in what type of pathology? What type of appearance does this pathology have when seen on CT?

A

Extradural Hameorrhage

Convex (lens) shaped

36
Q

What is the name of the grooves that run laterally either side of the occipital protrubaranece?

A

Tranverse sinus

37
Q

In which bone of the skull is the sella turcica found?

A

Sphenoid

38
Q

What do the anterior and posterior clinoid processes provide attachments for?

A

Tentorium cerebelli

39
Q

What is the groove found in the midline of the skull cap called?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

40
Q

What muscles attach to the lateral pterygoid plate?

A

Medial and lateral pterygoid muscles

41
Q

What muscle attaches to the medial pterygoid plate?

A

Superior pharyngeal constrictor

42
Q

What type of ossification occurs in the flat bones of the skull?

A

Intramembraneous

43
Q

What type of ossification occurs in the irregular bones of the skull base?

A

Endochondrial

44
Q

What type of epithelium covers the tongue?

A

Keratinised stratified squamous

45
Q

What type of muscle fibres lie beneath the epithelium of the tongue?

A

Skeletal

46
Q

What type of secretion is poduced by the parotid gland?

A

Serous

47
Q

What type of secretions are produced by the submandibular glands?

A

Mixed - mucous and serous

48
Q

What type of secretions are produced by the sublingual glands?

A

Mucous

Anatomy (26 decks)

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