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Anatomy > External Features of Brain, Transverse sections of Brain, Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

External Features of Brain, Transverse sections of Brain, Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the hypothalamus?

A

Sex drive

Thirst

Hunger

Sleep cycles

Works with pituitary to release hormones

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2
Q

What structures make up the basal ganglia?

A

Caudate Nucleus

Globus Pallidus

Putamen

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3
Q

What are the fibres called that connect the cerebral hemispheres with other parts of the brain (e.g. brainstem)?

A

Projection fibres

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4
Q

Which cereral artery supplies the internal capsule?

A

Middle cerebral artery

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5
Q

Functionally, what group of structures is the substantia nigra part of?

A

Basal ganglia

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6
Q

In relation to the substantia nigra, where can the red nucleus be found?

A

Posterior

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7
Q

What type of fibres are found within the cerebral peduncles?

A

Motor and sensory

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8
Q

What type of fibres make up the pyramids?

A

Motor

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9
Q

What nuclei are found within the olives?

A

Superior + inferior olivary nucleus

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10
Q

What are the distinguishing features of the cervical vertebrae?

A

Short + bifid spinous processes

Two foramen transversarium (transmit vertebral arteries)

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11
Q

What are the distinguishing features of the Thoracic vertebrae?

A

Spinous processes are angled inferiorly

Vertebral formen is circular

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12
Q

What are the distinguishing features of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

Very large vertebral bodies with kidney shape

No transverse foramina

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13
Q

How does the volume of grey matter change moving from superior to inferior aspects of the spinal cord?

A

The amount of gray matter increases as you move inferiorly down the spinal cord

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14
Q

What is the name of the hole in the middle of the spinal cord and what does it contain?

A

Central canal - CSF

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15
Q

Through which foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve pass in the cranium?

A

Jugular foramen

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16
Q

Through which foramen does the vagus nerve pass?

A

Jugular foramen

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17
Q

Through which foramen does the accessory nerve pass?

A

Jugular foramen

18
Q

Through which foramen does the hypoglossal nerve pass?

A

Hypoglossal canal

19
Q

What type of fibres are present in the occulomotor nerve?

A

Motor and parasympathetic

20
Q

What type of nerves are present in the optic nerve?

A

Special sensory

21
Q

What type of nerves are present in occulomotor nerve?

A

Motor + parasympathetic

22
Q

What type of nerves are present in the trochlear nerve?

23
Q

What type of nerves are present in the abducens nerve?

24
Q

What type of fibres are present in V1 of Trigeminal?

25
What type of fibres are present in V2 of Trigeminal nerve?
Sensory
26
What type of nerve fibres are present in V3 of Trigeminal nerve?
Motor + sensory Parasympathetic (submandibular + sublingual glands)
27
What type of fibres are present in the Facial nerve?
Motor (facial expression muscles) Special sensory General sensory (small area of outer ear) Parasympathetic (Lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual gland)
28
What type of fibres are present in the vestibulocochlear nerve?
Special sensory
29
What type of fibres are present in the glossopharyngeal nerve?
Special sensory General sensory Motor (stylopharyngeus) Parasympathetic (parotid gland)
30
What type of fibres are found in the Vagus nerve?
Motor (most of muscles of pharynx) Parasympathetic (smooth muscles of GI tract) Sensory - external acoustic meatus Special sensory - Taste to epiglottis
31
What type of fibres are found within the accessory nerve?
Motor - SCM + Trapezius
32
What type of fibres are found within the hypoglossal nerve?
Motor
33
Which of the cranial nerves have parasympathetic innervation?
Occulomotor Facial Glossopharyngeal Vagus
34
Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the brain?
Olfactory Optic
35
Which cranial nerves are attached directly to the midbrain?
3 - occulomotor
36
What is the only cranial nerve to arise from the posterior aspect of the brain stem?
Trochlear
37
Which cranial nerves emerge from the pons?
5 - Trigeminal
38
Which cranial nerve arises from the pontomedullary junction?
Abducens Facial Vestibulocochlear
39
Which cranial nerves arise from the medulla?
9 10 11 12
40
Which cranial nerves are tested by the pupillary light reflex?
Optic Occulomotor
41
Which cranial nerve is tested by touching over the cheek?
Maxillary branch of Trigeminal
42
Which cranial nerve is being tested if you ask the patient to stick their tongue out?
Hypoglossal

Anatomy (26 decks)

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