Lower Limb Class 3 - Anterior Leg, Common Fibular Nerve, Lateral leg, Dorsum of Foot, Ankle Joint & Tibio-fibular Joints Flashcards
What are the 3 muscle components of the lower leg?
Anterior
Lateral
Posterior
What are the 4 muscles found in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis Tertius
What are the actions of leg muscles found in the anterior compartment?
Dorsiflexion and Invertion at the ankle joint
Extension of the toes
The common fibular nerve is a branch of which major nerve?
Sciatic nerve
Apart from the common fibular nerve, what is the other branch of the sciatic nerve?
Tibial nerve
Which branch of the common fibular nerve innervates the anterior leg muscles and with which artery is it associated?
Deep fibular nerve
Anterior Tibial artery
The anterior tibial artery (supplies anterior muscles of leg) is a terminal branch of which artery?
Popliteal artery
Which artery is found midway between the malleolis of the ankle?
Dorsalis pedis
What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
Which nerve innervates the muscles of the lateral leg?
Superficial Tibial nerve
The superficial tibial nerve is a branch of which nerve?
Common fibular
What is the function of fibularis longus and brevis?
Eversion
Plantarflexion
At which joints of the foot do inversion and eversion occur?
Subtalar
Transverse talar
What are the reasons for foot drop and what muscles are mostly affected?
Fibula fracture
Tight plaster cast
Anterior and lateral leg muscles
What type of joint of the ankle joint?
Hinge synovial joint
What are the articular surfaces of the ankle joint?
Distal end of Tibia and Fibula
Talus
Which ligament of the ankle is the weakest?
Lateral ligament
Which muscles cause the ankle to dorsiflex?
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Which muscles cause the ankle to plantar flex?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Posterior Tibialis
What type of joint is the proximal tibio-fibular joints?
Plane type of synovial joint
What type of joint is the distal tibio-fibular joints?
Fibrous joint
Which muscle forms the medial border of the popliteal fossa?
Semimembranosus
Which muscle forms the lateral border of the popliteal fossa?
Biceps femoris
Which muscle forms the inferior border of the popliteal fossa?
Gastrocnemius
What can be found within the politeal fossa?
Popliteal artery and vein
Tibial Nerve
Common fibular nerve
Popliteal lymph nodes
What are the muscles of the superficial group in the posterior leg?
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris
Which nerve innervates Gastrocnemius?
Tibial nerve
What structure do the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles form?
Calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)
What muscle of the posterior leg is the long and thin one?
Plantaris
Which nerve innervates all the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?
Tibial nerve
Which branch of the popliteal artery supplies the posterior compartment of the leg?
Fibular artery
Which muscles are found in the deep compartment of the posterior leg?
Popliteus
Tibialis Posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Which muscle of the posterior leg is responsible for ‘unlocking’ the knee joint so that flexion can occur?
Popliteus
What are the bones of the foot?
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular (boat shaped)
Cuboid
Cuneiforms
Metatarsals
What is the deep fascia of the foot known as?
Plantar fascia
What are the muscles of the dorsal aspect of the foot?
Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallucis brevis
What are the muscles found in the plantar aspect of the foot (the layer closest to the ground)?
Flexor digitorum brevis
Abductor digit minimi
Abductor hallucis
What are the muscles found in the plantar aspect of the foot lying deep to the more superficial layer?
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
