Soc16- The Structure Of The Blood Vessels

Question 1

What are the Four characteristics of Arteries?

Answer 1

• Arteries take blood away from the heart
• Arteries have thick walls and one more elastic than veins as they carry blood which is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry oxygenated blood
• The channel the blood flows through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more blood through when you so that when you exercise, it can reach the working muscles
• The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 2

What are the Four characteristics of Veins?

Answer 2

• Veins carry blood into the heart
• Veins have much thinner walls, are less elastic and carry blood at a lower pressure
• Veins contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart
• The pulmonary vein is different to other veins as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart

Question 3

What are the three characteristics of Capillaries?

Answer 3

• Capillaries are microscopic vessels just one cell thick
• At one end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
• Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 4

Name the order of the 13 stages of the Heart?

Answer 4

1. Vena carva, brings deoxygenated blood from the body
2. Into right atrium
3. Through the Tricospid valve, used to prevent backflow
4. Into right ventricle
5. Through semilunar valves
6. Into pulmonary artery
7. Into the lungs
8. Into pulmonary vein, brings oxygenated blood from lungs
9. Into left atrium
10. Through Bicuspid valve
11. Into left ventricle
12. Through semilunar valves
13. Out of the Aorta

Question 5

What is the definiton of Immune System?

Answer 5

The structures and processes in your body that stop disease

Question 6

What is the definiton of Thrombokinase?

Answer 6

Substance involved in blood clotting

Question 7

What is the definiton of Serotonin?

Answer 7

Hormone that triggers the clotting process

Question 8

What is the definiton of Plasma?

Answer 8

The fluid part of blood

Question 9

What is the definiton of Erythrocyte?

Answer 9

Red blood cell

Question 10

What is the definiton of Haemoglobin?

Answer 10

A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen

Question 11

What is the definiton of Anaemia?

Answer 11

A condition where there is a lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the blood

Question 12

What is the definiton of Leukocyte?

Answer 12

White blood cell

Question 13

What is the definiton of Pathogen?

Answer 13

An agent that causes disease, such as a virus

Question 14

What is the definiton of Antibody?

Answer 14

Chemical that destroys pathogen

Question 15

How does the heart pump blood?

Answer 15

• The heart beats a ‘lub dub’ rhythm
• The first phase is known as the systolic phase
• This is where blood is pumped from the atria to the ventricles (lub)
  -Then both the ventricles contract
• pushing deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
• Oxygenated blood in the left ventricles leaves via the aorta to the body
• The second phase is known as the diastolic phase:
• This is where the heart is relaxing and refilling the atria with blood

Question 16

What is the definition of blood pressure?

Answer 16

Blood pressure is a measure of the force that your heart uses to pump the blood around your body

• High blood pressure can indicate a higher risk of health problems

Question 17

Importance of red blood cells

Answer 17

Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs

Question 18

Importance of white blood cells

Answer 18

White blood cells are the defence system of the body as they produce antibodies

Question 19

Importance of platelets

Answer 19

Tiny fragments that dump together to help clot and stop bleeding

Question 20

Importance of plasma

Answer 20

Is to take oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it