Soc 16

Question 1

Arteries

Answer 1

-Arteries take blood away from the heart
• Arteries have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry blood which is at a higher pressure than veins as they carry oxygenated
blood
• The channel the blood flows through, called the lumen, can widen to allow more blood through when you so that when you exercise, it can reach the working muscles
• The pulmonary artery is different from other arteries as it carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Question 2

Veins

Answer 2

• Veins carry blood into the heart
• Veins have much thinner walls, are less elastic and carry blood at a lower pressure
• Veins contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the
heart
• The pulmonary vein is different to other veins as it carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart

Question 3

Capillaries

Answer 3

• Capillaries are microscopic vessels - just one cell thick
• At one end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and
nutrients to the muscles
• At the other end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
• Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 4

How does the heart pump blood?

Answer 4

• the heart beats in a lub dub rhythm
  -first stage is known as the systolic stage (when heart pumps)
  -second stage is the diastolic stage (when heart relaxes and refills)

Question 5

What is the importance of red blood cells

Answer 5

-Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells
-they contain haemoglobin which stores oxygen and carbon-dioxide
-oxygen to the working muscles

Question 6

White blood cells

Answer 6

-Produce antibodies
-protects you from infection and disease

Question 7

Platlets

Answer 7

-help clot blood and stop or reduce bleeding

Question 8

Plasma

Answer 8

• take nutrients , hormones and protiens to parts of the body that need it

Question 9

Immune system

Answer 9

the structures and processes in your body that
stop disease.

Question 10

Thombokinase

Answer 10

substance involved in blood clotting.

Question 11

Serotonin

Answer 11

hormone that triggers the clotting process.

Question 12

Plasma

Answer 12

the fluid part of blood.

Question 13

Erythrocyte:

Answer 13

Red blood cell

Question 14

Haemoglobin

Answer 14

A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen.

Question 15

Anaemia

Answer 15

a condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood.

Question 16

Leukocyte

Answer 16

White blood cell

Question 17

Pathogen

Answer 17

An agent that causes disease/virus

Question 18

Antibody

Answer 18

Chemical that destroys pathogen