Soc 15 The Structure Of The Heart

Question 1

3 main functions of cardiovascular system

Answer 1

Transports oxygen, Co2 and nutrients, helps blood clots, control body temp

Question 2

Cardiovascular

Answer 2

To do with the heart, blood and blood vessels together

Question 3

Vasodillation

Answer 3

When veins swell widening internal diameter of blood vessel to allow increased blood flow

Question 4

Vaso construction

Answer 4

When veins shrink down; narrowing of internal diameter of the blood vessel to decrease blood flow

Question 5

Cardio-respiratory system

Answer 5

The interaction of the heart amd lungs support oxygen to muscles during exercise

Question 6

Vascular shunting

Answer 6

When your body makes the heart beat fastee and diverts blood away from the organs to the body

Question 7

Arteries 4 characteristics

Answer 7

Take away blood from the heart, thick more elastic walls as they carry high oressure blood, the channel the blood flows through can widen to allow more blood through, carries depxygenated blood

Question 8

4 characterstics of veins

Answer 8

Carry blood into heart, thinner walls, many valves helps deoxygenated blood flow to heart, carrys oxygenated blood

Question 9

4 characterstics of capilleries

Answer 9

Capillaries
4 main characteristic…
• Capillaries are microscopic vessels - just one cell thick
• Atone end, capillaries carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and
nutrients to the muscles
• At the other end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins, picking up waste
products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
• Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place

Question 10

What is the role of the pulmonary vein?

Answer 10

Brings oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

Question 11

What is the role of the pulmonary vein

Answer 11

Bring deoxygenated blood to lungs

Question 12

What is the role of the vena cava

Answer 12

Bring deoxygenated blood from body to heart

Question 13

What is the role of the aorta

Answer 13

Bring oxygenated blood to the body

Question 14

Red blood cells

Answer 14

Transport oxygen from lungs to the body’s cells and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs
Contain haemoglobin
Important for long distance runner

Question 15

Structure of blood

Answer 15

Plasma, platelets, red blood cells, white blood cells

Question 16

White blood cells

Answer 16

The blood also contains transparent cells called white blood cells
• They have an important function asthe defence system of the body
They produce antibodies fight against infection and diseases
If an athlete a disease or infecton they may not be able to train /perform

Question 17

Platelets

Answer 17

• Blood platelets are formed in the bone marrow
• Ting fragments clump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding
Blood is the first line of defence in the repair of a wound
• When a blood vessel is cut, platelets rush to the area and swell into irregular
shapes, they become sticky and act as a plug
• If a performer gets a skin abrasion/cut the blood platelets will clot to stop the
bleeding

Question 18

Plasma

Answer 18

Take nutrients, hormones and proteins to parts of the body that need it
Cells also put waste products into the plasma