Soc 14: The Muscular System Flashcards
What are the 3 types of muscles in the body?
Voluntary
Involuntary
Cardiac
What are all muscles made up of?
They are all made up of proteins
What are voluntary muscles?
They are muscles that are under your control and you choose when to contract and relax them. e.g triceps and biceps.
What are involuntary muscles?
Muscles that aren’t under our control and our bodies contract and relax them automatically. For example the muscles that help to move blood through your blood vessels.
What are cardiac muscles?
These are muscles controlled by our body only found on the walls of the heart. They keep your heart beated in a normal way.
Where is the Deltoid found?
In the shoulder.
Where is the pectoralis major found?
This is found in the chest.
Where is the latissimus dorsi found?
Lower regoin of the spine up to the humerus.
What are antagonistic pairs?
These are muscles which work together,
What three antagonistic pairs do I need to know for PE GCSE?
1) Tibialis anterior and Gastrocnemius
2) Bicep and tricep
3) Quadriceps and Hamstrings
Muscles can _____ but they can’t _____.
Muscles can pull but they can’t push.
What are the two types of muscle fibres we can have in our body?
Slow twitch fibres and fast twitch fibres
What are type 1 fibres?
Slow twitch fibres suited to low intensity and long distance running
What are type IIa fibres?
Fast twitch fibre muscles suited to anaerobic work. They will fatigue quickly
What are type IIx fibres?
Fast twitch muscle fibres but they create much more force than other fibres.
Who would use a type IIa muscle fibre?
A 200 or 400m sprinter
What type of athlete would use type IIx muscle fibre?
A 100m sprinter
What is myoglobin?
Red pigment that transports oxygen to the muscles
What colour are slow twitch fibres?
Darker colour due to myoglobin in the muscles
What colour are fast twitch fibres?
Lighter colours as they don’t use O2 to make energy.
What are myofibrils?
They are strands which allow muscles to pull and therefore contract.
How many muscles are in the body?
Over 600 different muscles
What is the musculoskeletal system?
This is how the joints, muscles and bones helps keep you stable, allow you to move and it also protects your body. It can also help in posture, which is crucial in gymnastics and diving.
What is the point of origin?
This is the bone which doesn’t move
What is the point of insertion?
This is the bone which doesn’t move
How many bones move when a muscle contracts?
Only one of the bones move.
