Sleep Flashcards
Type of sleep that is characterized by dreamless, decrease in BMR, decreased in HR and BP, increase in GI motility
NREM Sleep or Slow-wave sleep
Type of sleep described as active dreaming occuring every 90 minutes associated with decreased muscle tone, brain metabolism, and penile erection
REM Sleep or paradoxical sleep
This type of wave predominates in Stage 2 of NREM Sleep wherein the waves are interrupted by sleep spindles and K complexes
Theta wave
- Alpha
- Theta + Sleep spindle
- Delta + sleep spindle
- Delta alon
In narcolepsy, ___(REM, NREM) is initiated first.a
REM first
From NREM to Awake state, there is an increase in the level of ____, ____, ____.
- Norepinephrine
- Serotonin
- Histamine
From NREM to awake state, there is a decrese in ___, and ____
- Acetylcholine
2. GABA
[EEG waves]
awake, at rest, eyes closed
8-13Hz
Alpha
[EEG waves]
awake, aroused, alert state, eyes open during REM sleep
13-30 Hz
beta
[EEG waves]
seen in brain disorders and degenerative states
4-7 Hz
theta
[EEG waves]
seen in early stage of slow wave sleep
4-7Hz
theta
[EEG waves]
seen in organic brain disease and infants
0.5-4 Hz
delta
[EEG waves]
seen in Stage 3 or NREM sleep
0.5-4Hz
delta
[EEG waves]
Seen during REM sleep
beta
__ compound implicated in sleep
muramyl peptide
[sleep]
active dreaming
REM sleep
[sleep]
occurs every 90 minutes, presence of beta waves
REM sleep
[sleep]
difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli
NREM sleep
Delta wave
[sleep]
MORE difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli
REM sleep
[Stages of NREM]
alpha wave interspersed with theta waves
Stage 1
[Stages of NREM]
Theta waves interrupted by sleep spindles (12-14Hz)
Stage 2
____ are 12-14Hz waves seen in stage 2 NREM
sleep spindles
[Stages of NREM]
delta wave + sleep spindles
stage 3
[Stages of NREM]
delta wave only
Stage 4
this drug decreases the duration of REM sleep
benzodiazepine
[from NREM to awake state]
NE, Serotonin, Histamine (increases/decreases)
increases
[from NREM to awake state]
Ach, GABA (increases/decreases)
decreases
In narcolepsy, which starts first?
REM sleep
Chromosome implicated in narcolepsy characteristics
chromosome 6
[Waking/NREM/REM]
in the ARAS,
High Norepinephrine
High serotonin
Decrease acetylcholine
waking
[Waking/NREM/REM]
in the ARAS,
Low Norepinephrine
Low Serotonin
Increase Acetylcholine
REM sleep
Norepinephrine, Serotonin and acetylcholine are seen in which part of the brainstem nuclei?
ARAS
GABA and histamine are produced (its role in sleep) are seen in which part of the hypothalamus_____
circadian and homeostatic center
Circadian center is seen in which part of the brain
hypothalamus
[Waking/NREM/REM]
in the hypothalamus
Low GABA
High histamine
Waking
[Waking/NREM/REM]
in the hypothalamus
high GABA
Low histamine
NREM
part of the brain that controls REM and waking
brainstem nuclei (ARAS)
part of the brain that controls NREM to waking
hypothalamus (circadian and homeostatic center)
