Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Hearing > Flashcards

Hearing Flashcards

1
Q

The human ear can hear between ____ Hz and a sound pressure during conversation of ___dB

A

20 to 20,000 Hz

Sound frequency = Hz; Sound Pressure = dB

Conversational Speech = 60dB
Limit to prevent occupational HL = 85dB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

_____ plays a role in sound localization and sound collection

A

Outer Ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The perilymph is seen in the scala ____ and scala _____ which is high in ____ (Na, K)

A

Scala vestibuli, Scala tympani, High in Na

Endolymph - Sccala media, high in K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The sequence of the auditory ossicle up to its insertion. All these play a role in impedance matching

A

Malleus, incus, stapes, oval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The depolarization of inner hair cells (in the scala media) is caused by the influx of _____.

A

Potassium.

Remember, the scala media has endolymph that is high in K compared to ICF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Outer hair cell characteristics

  1. Motor protein is prestin
  2. Depolarization = (shortens or lengthens outer cell)
  3. Hyperpolrization = (shortens or lengthens)
  4. Damage results to reduced sound clarity
A

Depolarization shortens outer hair cells

Hyperpolarization lengthens outer hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The three perpendicular semicircular canals detect ____ acceleration

A

Angular

Horizontal acceleration - Utricle
Vertical acceleration - Saccule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Depolarization in the hair cells of the vestibular system happens when the sterecilia (short) bends ____ (toward, away) the kinocilium (long)

A

Depolarization - towards kinocilium

Hyperpolarization - away from kinocilium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Postrotatory Nystagmus is due to continued movement of endolymph on the SCC which occurs in ___ (same, opposite) direction of the head rotation.

A

Opposite.

Remember, Nystagmus - same direction as head rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Human ear can hear ____ Hz

A

20-20,000 Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

conversational speech ___ dB

A

60 dB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

___ is the limit to prevent occupational hearing loss

A

85 dB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

___ dB triggers attenuation reflex

A

> 120 dB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

reflex contraction of the stapedius and tensor tympani is called ____

A

attenuation reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

[part of the ear]

sound localization and sound collection

A

outer ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The auditory ossicles insert to the __ window

A

oval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

[part of the ear]

plays a role in impedance matching

A

auditory ossicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the contraction of the tensor tympani and stapedius at >120dB pulls the

Malleus __ (inward/outward)

A

inward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the contraction of the tensor tympani and stapedius at >120dB pulls the

stapes __ (inward/outward)

A

outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

in attenuation reflex,

the malleus is pulled ___ (inward/outward)

while stapes is pulled ___ (inward/outward)

A

malleus pulled inward

stapes pulled outward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

[part of the ear]

the scala media contains __ lymph

A

endolymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

[part of the ear]

the scala vestibuli contains ___ lymph

A

perilymph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

[part of the ear]

the scala tympani contains ___lymph

A

perilymph

24
Q

the endolymph is high in what ion

A

potassium

25
Q

the perilymph is high in what ion

A

sodium

26
Q

proper sequence of the auditory ossicles

A

malleus, incus, stapes

27
Q

[hearing physio: depolarization/hyperpolarization]

Potassium entering the inner hair cell

A

depolarization

28
Q

[hearing physio: depolarization/hyperpolarization]

bending of cilia on one direction

A

depolarization

29
Q

[hearing physio: depolarization/hyperpolarization]

bending of cilia to the opposite direction

A

hyperpolarization

30
Q

the bending of the cilia on one direction causes the oscillating potential called

A

cochlear microphonic potential

31
Q

[hearing physio: depolarization/hyperpolarization]

the shortening of the outer hair cells

A

depolarization

32
Q

the motor protein of the outer hair cell is called

A

prestin

33
Q

damage to the outer hair cells can lead to reduction of amplitude leading to:

A

reduction of sound clarity

34
Q

the oval and round window responds to ___ frequency sounds

A

high-frequency

35
Q

the helicotrema responds to __ frequency sounds

A

low frequency sounds

36
Q

occupational hearing loss is usually associated with ___ frequency sounds

A

high frequency sounds

37
Q

age-related hearing loss is usually associated with ___ frequency sounds

A

low frequency sounds

38
Q

[central auditory pathways]

lesions of cochlea of one ear leads to

A

unilateral deafness

39
Q

[vestibular system]

____ detects angular acceleration

A

semicircular canals

40
Q

[vestibular system]

__ detects the position of head in space

A

otolith organs

41
Q

[vestibular system]

___ detects horizontal (linear) acceleration

A

utricle

42
Q

[vestibular system]

detects vertical (linear) acceleration

A

saccule

43
Q

[vestibular system]

the receptors are also called

A

hair cells

44
Q

[vestibular system]

single long cilium of hair cell

A

kinocilium

45
Q

[vestibular system]

smaller cilia of hair cell

A

stereocilia

46
Q

[depolarization/hyperpolarization]

stereocilia bends towards kinocilium

A

depolarization

47
Q

stereocilia bends away from kinocilium

A

hyperpolarization

48
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

the endolymph moves to the ___ (right/left)

A

left

49
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

the ___ (right/left) stereocilia moves towards the kinocilium

A

left

50
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

the right stereocilia moves ___ (towards or away) the kinocilium

A

away

51
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

the ___ (utricle/saccule) detects this movement

A

utricle = horizontal acceleration

52
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

the ___ (semicircular canal) is activated

A

horizontal

53
Q

[when you rotate your head to the left]

there is hyperpolarization in the ___ (right/left) stereocilia

A

right

remember, when you turn left, the left stereocilia bends towards the left kinocilium. left depolarization.

Right stereocilia moves away from the right kinocilium. right HYPERpolarization

54
Q

[nystagmus]

when you tip the head sidewise, there is a ___ (veritcal, rotatory, horizontal)

A

vertical

55
Q

[nystagmus]

rotatory nystagmus is produced when the head is tipped

A

forward

56
Q

[nystagmus]

a nystagmus that occurs in opposite direction of the head rotation

A

postrotatory nystagmus

57
Q

[nystagmus]

turning to the left causes right sided nystagmus

A

postrotatory nystagmus

Physiology (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions