Blood Brain Barrier and CSF

Question 1

The BBB is composed of ___, ____, and ____

Answer 1

1. Endothelial cells of cerebral capillaries
2. Astrocyte foot processes
3. Choroid plexus epithelium

Question 2

Areas in the brain devoid of BBB

Answer 2

1. Circumventricular organs
2. Pineal gland
3. Area postrema
4. Some areas in the hypothalamus neurohypophysis

Question 3

The amount of CSF in the brain is

Answer 3

150mL

500mL per day is produced

Question 4

The total CSF produced per day is 500mL. 70% of which is produced by the choroid plexus while the 30% is produced by the _____.

Answer 4

Brain parenchyma

Question 5

CSF’s osmolarity is ___ (less, same, more) than that of blood

Answer 5

Same

Question 6

Compared to blood, CSF has ____ sodium (less, same, more)

Answer 6

More [Na]

Protein and cholesterol are negligible in CSF

Question 7

The ___ (anterior, posterior) hypothalamus responds to decrease in temperature

Answer 7

anterior: heat loss

Posterior hypothalamus is to gain heat

Question 8

ASA decreases the set-point temperature by lowering the ____

Answer 8

PGE2

PGE1 keeps the ductus arteriosus open

Question 9

The heat generating mechanism include ____, ____, and _____.

Answer 9

1. Shivering (most potent)
2. Thyroid hormone production
3. Brown fat in babies

Question 10

Malignant hyperthermia is treated by giving a calcium channel blocker and muscle relaxant in the form of _____

Answer 10

Dantrolene

MH - overexcitation of sceletal muscle due to defective ryanodine receptors in response to halothane and succinycholine.

Question 11

The tight junction in the BBB is located in what cell?

Answer 11

endothelial cell of cerebral capillaries