Skin

Question 1

Sweat Gland

Answer 1

produces a salty colourless liquid which passes through the sweat pore onto the surface of the skin

Question 2

Oil Gland

Answer 2

produces a lubricant that keeps skin soft and prevents hair from becoming brittle

Question 3

Hair Follicle

Answer 3

where hair grows from in the dermis skin layer

Question 4

Hair Muscle

Answer 4

connects the epidermis (outer skin layer) and hair follicle together

When hair muscle contracts hair is pulled tight (so can trap air/provide insulation)

Question 5

Artery

Answer 5

carries oxygenated blood from the heart + lungs

Question 6

Vein

Answer 6

returns deoxygenated blood to the heart + lungs

Question 7

Where are the artery and vein found

Answer 7

in fat cells under the dermis layer

skin cells are fed by capillaries

Question 8

What happens when you are too hot?

Answer 8

Sweat-> cools you down because water on the surface of the skin evaporates using thermal energy = vasodilation

• > Vasodilation = when arterioles in the skin widen allowing more blood to flow through them -> more thermal energy transferred to surroundings.
• .> body hairs lie flat-> caused when erectors muscles relax -> reduces insulation + increases heat loss

Question 9

what happens when you are too cold?

Answer 9

Shiver -> warms you up as shivering requires muscle contraction (releases energy through respiration)

Vasoconstriction = arteroiles in the skin narrow allowing less blood to flow through them -> less thermal energy to be transferred to surroundings.

Body hairs stand on end -> hair erector muscles contract -> traps layer of insulating air close to the skin-> reduces heat loss