4 Ecology and the Environment Flashcards
Population
All the organisms of the same species in a certain area
Community
All the organisms of different species in a habitat
Habitat
Where an organism lives
Ecosystem
All the organisms interacting with their environment
Biodiversity
The variety of different species of organisms within an ecosystem
4.4B practical: investigate the distribution of organisms in their habitats and measure biodiversity using quadrats
- Use 2 tape measures to lay out a survey area
- Use a random number generator to create a set of coordinates to place your quadrat
- Count number of chosen plant species within quadrat
- Repeat
- Estimate population size: Total Area/area samples x no. of plants
- Higher number of different species = greater biodiversity
Biotic Factors
Living Factors that effect the environment
Abiotic Factors
Non - living factors that effect the environment
Examples of Biotic Factors
Availability of food
Number of predators
Competition
Examples of Abiotic Factors
Environment conditions (e.g. light intensity, soil pH, temperature)
Toxic chemicals
Trophic Levels
Producer
Primary Consumers
Secondary Consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Producer
Make their own food through photosynthesis
Primary Consumers
Herbivores
Eat producers (plants)
Secondary Consumers
Carnivores
Eat primary consumers
Tertiary Consumers
Eat secondary consumers
Decomposers
Bacteria + Fungi that break
