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Anatomy and Physiology > Skeletal Systen > Flashcards

Skeletal Systen Flashcards

1
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

Production of all blood cells

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2
Q

Bone Marrow

A

Red bone Marrow

Yellow Bone Marrow

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3
Q

Red Bone Marrow

A

Conducts hematopoiesis/blood cell production

More common in younger animals

Found in pelvis, ribs, spine

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4
Q

Yellow Bone Marrow

A

Stores adipose
Most adult bones
Can revert to red if necessary

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5
Q

Erythropoiesis

A

Production of red blood cells

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6
Q

Osteon

A

Smallest functional unit of bone tissue

Found in compact bone

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7
Q

Haversian Canal

A

Hollow tubules that contain the bone’s blood and nerve supply

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8
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Cells that form bone

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9
Q

Osteocytes

A

Cells that maintain bone

Mature bone cells

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10
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Cells that break bone tissue down and reabsorb it

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11
Q

Hydroxyapatite

A

The major mineral constituent of bone tissue

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12
Q

Compact Bone

A

Dense portion of the bone
Comprises the shaft of the bone
Forms a shell around the softer cancellous bone

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13
Q

Cancellous Bone

A

Spongy bone

Comprises the ends of long bones and the inner wall of the medullary cavity

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14
Q

Epiphysis

A

Ends of long bones

Contains epiphyseal plate

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15
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of middle or long bones

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16
Q

Medullary cavity

A

Internal cavity of mast bones that contain bone marrow

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17
Q

Periosteum

A

Superficial membrane of bones

“Surrounding”

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18
Q

Endosteum

A

Internal membrane that lines the medullary cavity

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19
Q

Articulations cartilage

A

Covers the articular surfaces

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20
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

Growth plate found in long bones

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21
Q

Growth of long bones

A
  • Produce cartilage that travels towards the center (diaphysis) of the bone
  • the cartilage eventually ossifies into bone
  • this occurs on both ends of bones which extends the length causing it to grow
22
Q

Lone bone

A

Function: Basic movement and locomotion

Examples: femur, humerus, radius/ulna

23
Q

Short bone

A

Function: support with very little movement

Examples: carpal and tarsal bones

24
Q

Flat bones

A

Function: protection of organs, muscle attachment

Examples: scapula, ribs, cranium

25
Q

Irregular bones

A

Function: protection of organs, muscle attachment

Examples: pelvis and vertebrae

26
Q

Sesamoid bones

A

Function: strengthens tendon movement

Examples: carpal, tarsal, sesamoid, patella (largest)

27
Q

Condyle

A

Smooth round projection

Forms an articular process

28
Q

Head

A

Spherical projection

Forms an articular process

Femoral, humoral

29
Q

Tubercle

A

Small projection

Forms non-articular process

30
Q

Tuberosity

A

Projection that takes up a larger area like ridges

Forms non-articular process

31
Q

Trochanter

A

Specific name for the projection found on the femur

Basically a tubercle

Forms a non-articular process

32
Q

Foramen

A

Short holes in bones for nerves and blood vessels

33
Q

Fossa

A

Shallow depression

Larger than a facet

Forms non-articular process

34
Q

Meatus

A

Long hole in bones and body parts

35
Q

Facet

A

Flat surface

Forms articular process

36
Q

Articular surface

A

Bone come into contact with another bone

A projection on a bone forms a joint with another bone

37
Q

Non-articular surface

A

Bone is attached to muscle, tendon

38
Q

Cervical vertebrae

Atlas

A

C1

First vertebrae

39
Q

Cervical vertebrae

Axis

A

C2

Second vertebrae

40
Q

Atlantoaxial joint

A

Joint formed by the atlas and the axis

The only true pivot joint

41
Q

Canine vertebral formula

A

Cervical: 7

Thoracic: 13

Lumbar: 7

Sacral: 3

Coccygeal: 20-23

42
Q

Feline vertebral formula

A

Cervical: 7

Thoracic: 13

Lumbar: 7

Sacral: 3

Coccygeal: 5-23

43
Q

Horse Vertebral Formula

A

Cervical: 7

Thoracic: 18

Lumbar: 6

Sacral: 5

Coccygeal: 15-21

44
Q

Asternal rib

A

The ventral end of the rib connects to an adjacent rib instead of the sternum

45
Q

Floating rib

A

The ventral end of a rib does not connect with anything

46
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Attached to the ventral ends of ribs

Made up of Hyaline cartilage

47
Q

Costochondral junction

A

The junction between the ventral end of the rib and the dorsal end of the costal cartilage

48
Q

Manubrium

A

Most cranial bone of the sternum

49
Q

Xiphoid process

A

Most caudal bone of the sternum

50
Q

Xiphoid cartilage

A

Cartilaginous process on the caudal end of the xiphoid process

Anatomy and Physiology (36 decks)

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