Skeletal Systen

Question 1

Hematopoiesis

Answer 1

Production of all blood cells

Question 2

Bone Marrow

Answer 2

Red bone Marrow

Yellow Bone Marrow

Question 3

Red Bone Marrow

Answer 3

Conducts hematopoiesis/blood cell production

More common in younger animals

Found in pelvis, ribs, spine

Question 4

Yellow Bone Marrow

Answer 4

Stores adipose
Most adult bones
Can revert to red if necessary

Question 5

Erythropoiesis

Answer 5

Production of red blood cells

Question 6

Osteon

Answer 6

Smallest functional unit of bone tissue

Found in compact bone

Question 7

Haversian Canal

Answer 7

Hollow tubules that contain the bone’s blood and nerve supply

Question 8

Osteoblasts

Answer 8

Cells that form bone

Question 9

Osteocytes

Answer 9

Cells that maintain bone

Mature bone cells

Question 10

Osteoclasts

Answer 10

Cells that break bone tissue down and reabsorb it

Question 11

Hydroxyapatite

Answer 11

The major mineral constituent of bone tissue

Question 12

Compact Bone

Answer 12

Dense portion of the bone
Comprises the shaft of the bone
Forms a shell around the softer cancellous bone

Question 13

Cancellous Bone

Answer 13

Spongy bone

Comprises the ends of long bones and the inner wall of the medullary cavity

Question 14

Epiphysis

Answer 14

Ends of long bones

Contains epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Diaphysis

Answer 15

Shaft of middle or long bones

Question 16

Medullary cavity

Answer 16

Internal cavity of mast bones that contain bone marrow

Question 17

Periosteum

Answer 17

Superficial membrane of bones

“Surrounding”

Question 18

Endosteum

Answer 18

Internal membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Question 19

Articulations cartilage

Answer 19

Covers the articular surfaces

Question 20

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 20

Growth plate found in long bones

Question 21

Growth of long bones

Answer 21

• Produce cartilage that travels towards the center (diaphysis) of the bone
• the cartilage eventually ossifies into bone
• this occurs on both ends of bones which extends the length causing it to grow

Question 22

Lone bone

Answer 22

Function: Basic movement and locomotion

Examples: femur, humerus, radius/ulna

Question 23

Short bone

Answer 23

Function: support with very little movement

Examples: carpal and tarsal bones

Question 24

Flat bones

Answer 24

Function: protection of organs, muscle attachment

Examples: scapula, ribs, cranium

Question 25

Irregular bones

Answer 25

Function: protection of organs, muscle attachment Examples: pelvis and vertebrae

Question 26

Sesamoid bones

Answer 26

Function: strengthens tendon movement Examples: carpal, tarsal, sesamoid, patella (largest)

Question 27

Condyle

Answer 27

Smooth round projection Forms an articular process

Question 28

Head

Answer 28

Spherical projection Forms an articular process Femoral, humoral

Question 29

Tubercle

Answer 29

Small projection Forms non-articular process

Question 30

Tuberosity

Answer 30

Projection that takes up a larger area like ridges Forms non-articular process

Question 31

Trochanter

Answer 31

Specific name for the projection found on the femur Basically a tubercle Forms a non-articular process

Question 32

Foramen

Answer 32

Short holes in bones for nerves and blood vessels

Question 33

Fossa

Answer 33

Shallow depression Larger than a facet Forms non-articular process

Question 34

Meatus

Answer 34

Long hole in bones and body parts

Question 35

Facet

Answer 35

Flat surface Forms articular process

Question 36

Articular surface

Answer 36

Bone come into contact with another bone A projection on a bone forms a joint with another bone

Question 37

Non-articular surface

Answer 37

Bone is attached to muscle, tendon

Question 38

Cervical vertebrae Atlas

Answer 38

C1 First vertebrae

Question 39

Cervical vertebrae Axis

Answer 39

C2 Second vertebrae

Question 40

Atlantoaxial joint

Answer 40

Joint formed by the atlas and the axis The only true pivot joint

Question 41

Canine vertebral formula

Answer 41

Cervical: 7 Thoracic: 13 Lumbar: 7 Sacral: 3 Coccygeal: 20-23

Question 42

Feline vertebral formula

Answer 42

Cervical: 7 Thoracic: 13 Lumbar: 7 Sacral: 3 Coccygeal: 5-23

Question 43

Horse Vertebral Formula

Answer 43

Cervical: 7 Thoracic: 18 Lumbar: 6 Sacral: 5 Coccygeal: 15-21

Question 44

Asternal rib

Answer 44

The ventral end of the rib connects to an adjacent rib instead of the sternum

Question 45

Floating rib

Answer 45

The ventral end of a rib does not connect with anything

Question 46

Costal cartilage

Answer 46

Attached to the ventral ends of ribs Made up of Hyaline cartilage

Question 47

Costochondral junction

Answer 47

The junction between the ventral end of the rib and the dorsal end of the costal cartilage

Question 48

Manubrium

Answer 48

Most cranial bone of the sternum

Question 49

Xiphoid process

Answer 49

Most caudal bone of the sternum

Question 50

Xiphoid cartilage

Answer 50

Cartilaginous process on the caudal end of the xiphoid process