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Anatomy and Physiology > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Occipital bone

A
  • most caudal portion of the skull
  • contains magnum foramen
  • hard to see from a lateral view
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2
Q

Parietal bones

A
  • Sides of head
  • dorsal to temporal bones
  • forms the parietal crest
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3
Q

Temporal bones

A
  • Caudal portion of zygomatic arch
  • immediately caudal to the lower jaw
  • contains the auditory meatus
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4
Q

Frontal bones

A
  • where eye socket would be

- forehead of animal

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5
Q

Incisive bones

A
  • contains incisors
  • most rostral bone
  • only the top jaw
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6
Q

Nasal bones

A
  • Dorsal area of the snout
  • triangular shape
  • immediately dorsocaudal to the incisive bones
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7
Q

Maxillary bones

A
  • Upper jaw

- contains canines

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9
Q

Zygomatic bones

A
  • forms the cranial portion of the zygomatic arch
  • cheek bone
  • forms ventrolateral portion of the orbit
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10
Q

Lacrimal bone

A
  • Contains lacrimal gland

- found in the medial can this of the orbit

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11
Q

Ramus of the mandible

A

Part of jaw that does not have teeth

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12
Q

Body of the mandible

A

Part of the mandible that has teeth

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13
Q

Mandibular symphysis

A

Connects the two sides of the jaw at median point

Cartilaginous joint

Amphiarthroses

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14
Q

Mental foramen

A

Short holes in the rostral and lateral side of mandible

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15
Q

Mandibular foramen

A

Short holes on the caudal and medical side of the mandible

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16
Q

Angular process of the mandible

A

The first process from the bottom if on a carnivore

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17
Q

Condylar process of the mandible

A

The second process on the mandible

18
Q

Coronoid process of the mandible

A

The most dorsal process

19
Q

Hyoid apparatus

A
  • ventral aspect of throat
  • ventral to the mandible
  • supports the tongue and larynx
20
Q

Turbinates

A
  • Thin bones that resemble rolled up scrolls found in the nasal cavity
  • Form the frame of the internal membrane of the nasal cavity
21
Q

Vertebral Column

Cervical Vertebrae

A

7 in dogs, cats and horses

Atlas-wing shape

Axis contains the dens which is the pivot point for the atlantoaxial joint

Forms the atlantoaxial joint

22
Q

Vertebral Column

Thoracic Vertebrae

A

13 in dogs and cats
18 in horses

Ribs attach here only and connect via facets

23
Q

Costal facets

A

Articulation for ribs on vertebrae

2 vertebra to form 1 costal facet

24
Q

Articular facet

A
  • Articulation for adjacent vertebrae

- where vertebrae connect to each other

25
Q

Vertebral column

Lumbar vertebrae

A
  • 7 in dogs and cats
  • 6 in horses
  • Contains the mammillary process which is between the spinous process and transverse process
  • It allows for more structure
26
Q

Vertebral column

Sacral vertebrae

A
  • 3 in dogs and cats
  • 5 in horses
  • immediately connected to pelvis between the 2 iliac wings
  • composed of 3 fused bones
27
Q

Sacroiliac joint

A
  • formed by the sacrum and the ilium

- Synovial joint-freely moveable or diarthroses

28
Q

Vertebral Column

Coccygeal vertebrae

A

20-23 in dogs
5-23 in cats
15-21 in horses

Tail bone

29
Q

Ribs

A

Dorsal end articulates with the thoracic vertebrae

Ventral end articulates with the sternum

30
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Connects the ribs to the sternum

31
Q

Costochondral junction

A

Joint that connects the costal cartilage to the ribs

32
Q

Intercostal space

A

Space between two ribs

33
Q

Sternum

A

Manubrium-most cranial bone of the sternum

Xiphoid process-most caudal bone of the sternum

Xiphoid cartilage: cartilage found on the caudal end of the xiphoid process

34
Q

Angle of the mandible

A

Replaces the angular process in herebivores

35
Q

Clavicle

A

Felines have a reduced clavicle, dogs do not have a clavicle

Allows the forearm to be Lowell attaches to the shoulder rather than by conventional articulation

Allows for wider range of flexibility

Anatomy and Physiology (36 decks)

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