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Anatomy and Physiology > Cardiovascular System-Lab > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System-Lab Flashcards

1
Q

4 layers of the heart

A

Pericardium
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium

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2
Q

Pericardium

A

Fibrous pericardium
Parietal pericardium
Visceral pericardium

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3
Q

Visceral pericardium

A

Epicardium

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4
Q

Chambers of the heart

A

Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle

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5
Q

Interatrial septum

A

Separate the left and right atrium

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6
Q

Interventricular septum

A

Separates the left and right ventricle

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7
Q

Atrioventricular valves

A

Separate the atria and the ventricles internally
Tricuspid and Bicuspid valves
Lie along the dorsal plane, one on each side

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8
Q

Coronary sulcus

A

Separate the atria and ventricles externally
Groove provides a visual of where the division would be
Area where the majority of the coronary vessels travel

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9
Q

Valves of the heart

A

Tricuspid
Mitral Valve (bicuspid)
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve

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10
Q

Semilunar valves

A

Sit along the median plane
Pulmonary valve
Aortic valve
The pulmonary valve sits ventral (or anterior) to the aortic valve

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11
Q

Chordae tendineae

A

Helps control the atrioventricular valves

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12
Q

Major Blood vessels of the heart

A

Vena Cava (cranial and caudal)
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Aorta

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13
Q

Apex of the heart

A

Formed by the left ventricle

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14
Q

Auricles

A

Each atrium has a corresponding auricle
An ear-shaped structure attached to the external wall of the atria
Serves as a reservoir for blood
The right auricle is larger than the left

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15
Q

The orientation of the heart

A

The apex of the heart always faces left
The right auricle is larger than the left
The pulmonary artery and aorta sits on the ventral of the cranial heart
The left ventricle wall is thicker than the right

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16
Q

Carotid artery

A

Counterpart is the Jugular vein

Supplies blood to the head and neck

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17
Q

Aorta

A

Counterpart is the vena cava
supplies blood to the rest of the body
Canine and feline only has two vessels branching off

18
Q

The aortic arch contains 2 major branches

A

Brachiocephalic artery

Left Subclavian artery

19
Q

Subclavian arteries

A

Supply blood to the upper limbs and head and neck

Right subclavian reaches the axillary region it becomes the right axillary artery

20
Q

Axillary arteries

A

Supply blood to the upper limbs

21
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Supply blood to the heart

Arises from the aorta

22
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Brings blood to the lungs for oxygenation

23
Q

Brachiocephalic artery

A

Supplies blood to the right upper limb and the head and neck
will split off into the left and right carotid arteries
After the right carotid artery, it will become the right subclavian artery

24
Q

Left subclavian artery

A

only supplies blood to the left forelimb

25
Q

In order of blood flow:

A

Ascending aorta
Brachiocephalic artery
Left subclavian artery
Descending aorta

ABCD

26
Q

Order of vessels from nearest to the heart to farthest

A

Brachiocephalic
Subclavian
Axillary

27
Q

Vena cava

A

Returns blood from the rest of the body
Two sections: cranial and caudal
Cut off of when to call the vena cava cranial or caudal is in the heart itself

28
Q

Jugular veins

A

Returns blood from the head and neck to the cranial vena cava
Largest vein that is readily available for venipuncture

29
Q

Subclavian vein

A

Returns blood from the upper limbs and head and neck

30
Q

Axillary vein

A

Returns blood from the upper limbs

31
Q

Coronary vein

A

Returns blood from the heart

Empties into the right atrium

32
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart

33
Q

Brachiocephalic vein

A

returns blood from the upper limbs and head and neck

34
Q

Cephalic vein

A

Returns blood from the distal forelimbs
Found traveling up the cranial surface of the forelimbs
The most common location for an IV catheter

35
Q

Femoral medial vein

A

returns blood from the lower limbs

Can be found on the medial surface of the proximal hindlimb

36
Q

Saphenous vein (lateral)

A

Returns blood from the distal lower limbs
Branches off of the femoral vein and twists around the distal hindlimb, forming both a medial and lateral branch
Runs from distal to proximal, cranial to caudal along the lateral surface

37
Q

Electrical Components: Sinoatrial node

A

Right atrium

38
Q

Electrical Components: Atrioventricular node

A

Interatrial septum

39
Q

Electrical Components: Bundle of His

A

Interventricular septum

40
Q

Electrical Components: Purkinje fibers

A

ventricle walls-lateral

Anatomy and Physiology (36 decks)

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