Shelf review Flashcards
What is Terazosin and what is it used for?
is a peripherally acting alpha-1 adrenergic receptor blocker. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy.
what is Salmeterol? What is it used for? What are the side effects?
long-acting beta-2 receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Salmeterol causes insomnia, tremor, tachycardia, and anxiety.
What drug is this? What is it used for?
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, can cause hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and an alkaline urine.
Acetazolamide is an oral medication that inhibits carbonic anhydrase, leading to a reduction of aqueous humor production and a subsequent decrease in intraocular pressure.
Indicated for the prompt reduction of intraocular pressure in glaucoma
adjunct treatment of edema caused by heart failure and epilepsy.
When is acetazolamide contraindicated?
contraindicated for use in patients with hypokalemia, hyponatremia, metabolic acidotic states (non–anion gap), and severe hepatic/renal dysfunction
how does acetazolamide change urine pH?
acetazolamide produces alkaline urine and causes HYPOKALEMIC METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
what is Triamterene?
Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It inhibits sodium influx through channels in the luminal membrane of the late distal and cortical collecting tubules. Because potassium secretion is coupled with sodium entry in this area, potassium is spared.
Where do thiazide diuretics act?
they inhibit sodium and chloride resorption in the distal convoluted tubule. cause hypokalemia by increasing K+ excretion, also hypochloremia, hypomangnesemia
hyperGLUC
hyperglycemia hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, sulpha allergy
Which diuretics cause acidemia vs alkylemia?
Thiazide and loop diruetics cause alkylemia
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and potassium sparing diuretics cause acidemia
what is paradoxical aciduria?
alkylosis (alkylemia) that takes place in low potassium state –> H+ rather than K+ is exchanged for sodium in collecting duct (removal of protons from cells and deposit in urine causes aciduria)
