leukemias, lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders

Question 1

what is mylodysplastic syndrome?

Answer 1

primarily effects men and occus with median age ~65

Question 2

what type of leukemia is offten associated with DIC

Answer 2

acute promyelocytic leukemia with auer rods - release of auer rods is prothrombotic

DIC has long PT and PTT

Question 3

what is the translocation for APL?

Answer 3

t(15;17)

Question 4

what is a aur rod made of?

Answer 4

cyrstalized myeloperoxidase

Question 5

what leukemia is most commonly seen in older adults (5th-6th decade)

Answer 5

AML

Question 6

what is the consequence of t(15;17)?

Answer 6

results in a disruption of retinoic acid receptor (RAR) required for myeloblast maturation

ATRA is treatment for APL because it induces maturation of neoplastic cells

Question 7

7 yr old Down syndrome pt has leukemia. What is it?

Answer 7

ALL

Question 8

3 yr old downsyndrome pt has leukemia. What is it?

Answer 8

Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

Question 9

pt has leukemic infiltration of the gums. What caused this?

Answer 9

acute monocytic leukemia

Question 10

child presents with lytic bone lesions and skin rash with recurrent otitis media and a mass invovling the mastoid bone. Cells are immaure and are innefective at stimulating T-cells via antigen presentation. S100 and CD1a +. What is the diagnosis?

Answer 10

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

proliferative dissorder of dendritic (langerhans) cells

Question 11

leukemia in 0-14yrs of age?

Answer 11

ALL

Question 12

15-39

Answer 12

AML

Question 13

40-59

Answer 13

AML + CML

CML has >30% blasts

Question 14

> 60

Answer 14

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Question 15

5 yr old with lymphoblasts that are CD10 positive and positive to TdT.

Answer 15

acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

Question 16

what markers are seen the the most common adult leukemia?

Answer 16

CD20+, CD5+, smudge cells and small mature appearing lymphocytes

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Question 17

what hematologic condition is associated with CLL?

Answer 17

autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Question 18

pt was found to have a t(11;14), what is the likely disease?

Answer 18

mantle cell lymphoma

Question 19

what causes mantal cell lymphoma?

Answer 19

Cyclin D1 activation

Question 20

pt is found to have a t(8;14) translocation - what is the likely disorder?

Answer 20

burkett lymphoma

Question 21

what cuases burkett lymphoma?

Answer 21

c-myc gain of function activation of proto-onco gene

Question 22

pt has dry tap on marrow aspiration with massive spelomegally and no lymphadenopathy. Cells stain for tattrate-resistant acid phosphatase. What is the disorder?

Answer 22

Hairy Cell leukemia

adult males

mature B cell tumor

Question 23

adult pt presents with rash, hepatosplenomegally, generalized lymphadenopathy and lytic bones lesions with hypercalcemia. what do they have?

Answer 23

Adult T cell leukemia lymphoma

association with HTLV-1

most common in Japan and carribiean

WITHOUT RASH THIS WOULD DESCRIBE MULTIPLE MYELOMA