anesthetics Flashcards
1
Q
how can you differentiate between amide vs ester?
A
amide have 2 i’s in the name
2
Q
how are amides vs esters metabolized?
A
Amide local anesthetics are metabolized primarily by microsomal P-450 enzymes in the liver (N-dealkylation and hydroxylation)
Ester local anesthetics undergo extensive hydrolysis in the plasma by pseudocholinesterase enzymes (plasma cholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase). Ester hydrolysis is rapid, resulting in water soluble
metabolites which are excreted in the urine.
3
Q
which ester defies the normal convention that esters are eliminated from the plasma via local degredation from pseudocholinesterases?
A
cocaine - in addition to ester hydrolysis cocaine is partially metabolized in the liver (N-methylation).
