Sexually Transmitted Disease or infection Flashcards
are diseases that are spread though sexual contact with an infected partner.
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)
provides the best protection against STIs
Abstinence or Condom
is a vaginal infection spread by the fungus Candida
Candidiasis
an organism that thrives on glycogen
Candidiasis
provides the perfect environment for candidal growth
Hyperglycemia
Under a microscope, it indicates the presence of candida organisms
typical fungal hyphae
a pH level of 4.5 plus itching and/or burning, unusual discharge, or a yeasty odor suggest
a yeast infection
Upon assessment for candidiasis, the adolescent will notice what?
vulvar and vaginal reddening, burning and itching, and even bleeding from hairline fissures.
Upon assessment of the candidiasis, _____ can usually be observed at the vaginal outlet.
A thick, cream cheese-like discharge
For assessment of Candidiasis. Internally, the vagina shows what patches.
white patches
Therapy for candidal infections includes
vaginal tablets or cream applications such as MICONAZOLE or CLOTRIMAZOLE
Administration for miconazole or clotrimazole
Once a day for 3 to 7 days
For candidiasis, ____ should be tested to rule out diabetes melitus
Urine
changes the flora of the microenvironment and can be associated with candidal infections
Use of oral contraceptives
is the most prevalent, curable STI in the United States
Trichomonas Vaginalis
What is the incubation period of Trichomonas Vaginalis
4 to 20 days
serious consequence of trichomoniasis
genital inflammation
with a trichomonal infection, females may notice
*slight vaginal discharge
*extreme vaginal itching or
*frothy white or grayish-green vaginal discharge
Infection of trichomonas vaginalis is diagnosed showing
trichomonads typically appear as rounded, mobile structures in microscopic examination
prevents recurrence of Trichomonas
Use of condoms
these medicines eradicates trichomonal infections
Oral metronidazole or tinidazole
therapeutic management for Trichomonas
caution the patient not to drink alcoholic beverages during the course of treatment
is defined as the absence or deficiency of lactobacili in the vaginal flora and it occurs frequently among adolescents
Bacterial Vaginosis
Microscopic examination for the Bacterial Vaginosis discharge shows
Gram-negative rods adhering to vaginal epithelial cells
Treatment for bacterial vaginosis
oral (7 days) or vaginal (5 days) metronidazole
Incubation period of Chlamydia Trachomatis
1 to 5 wweks
symptoms of Chlamydia Trachomatis
include a heavy, grayish-white discharge and vulvar itching.
Diagnosis of Chlamydia Trachomatis
identification of organism by cervix or urethra swab
Medication for chlamydia Trachomatis
oral Doxycycline for 7 days or azithromycin as a single dose
If chlamydial infection is documented, screening for ________ is indicated
Gonorrhea
Long-term effects of chlamydial infection are
Pelvic inflammatory Disease leading to subfertility
causes fibrous tissue overgrowth on the external vulva, vagina, or cervix.
Human Papillomavirus
are recommended as part of routine administration to all adolescent to prevent many strains of HPV
Gardasil or Cervarix Vaccines
Genital Herpes is caused by
herpesvirus hominis type 2
herpesvirus hominis type 2 is also called as
HSV type 2 or HSV-2
four similar herpesvirus:
*cytomegalovirus
*Epstein-Barr
*Varicella Zoster
*HSV-1 and HSV-2
Herpes is diagnosed by
culture of the lesion secretion from the vulva, vagina, cervix, or penis
incubation period of Herpes Genitalis
3 to 14 days
antivirus that controls the virus of Herpes Genitalis
Both Acyclovir and valacyclovir
may be prescribed for resistant lesions for Herpes Genitalis
Topical imiquimod or foscarnet
Gonorrhea is transmitted by what organism
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
a gram-positive diplococcus which thrives on the mucous membrane of the vagina or penis
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Symptoms of Gonorrhea in Male
Urethritis and a urethral discharge
Symptoms of Gonorrhea in Female
slight yellowish vaginal discharge
For Gonorrhea in both male and female, if systemic involvement occurs, what can develop?
arthritis or heart disease can develop
Diagnosis for Gonorrhea
a urine culture for the gonococcal bacillus
is the current recommended therapy for Gonorrhea
One intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone
Approximately __hrs after beginning treatment, Gonorrhea is no longer infectious.
24 hours
Gonorrhea is associated with _________,____________, and _________ in the postpartum period.
Spontaneous Miscarriage, preterm birth, and endometritis
what is prescribe for Gonorrhea during pregnancy
Azithromycin
is a systemic disease transmitted by the spirochete treponema pallidum
Syphilis
Syphilis is a systemic disease transmitted by what organism
Spirochete Treponema Pallidum
what is the term of the deep ulcer that appears in patients with Syphilis
“Chancre
after an incubation period of 10 to 90 days, what appears in patients with Syphilis
a deep ulcer (Chancre)
a chancre last approximately what weeks
approximately 6 weeks
Final stage of Syphilis
involves major body organs, such as the heart and nervous system.
What are the symptoms in the final stage of Syphilis
*blindness
*paralysis
*mental confusion
*slurred speech
*lack of coordination
First stage of Syphilis
a deep ulcer (chancre) appears
second stage of Syphilis
A generalized, macular, copper-colored rash appears
What are the serologic tests that can be done for Syphilis infection
*Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL)
*Automated Reagin Test (ART
*Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR)
*Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody-absorption test (FTA-ABS)
effective therapy for Syphilis
Benzathine penicillin G given intramuscularly in two sites.
For adolescents that has Syphilis but is sensitive to penicillin, what can be given?
either oral erythromycin or tetracycline can be given for 10 to 15 days.
After syphilis therapy, adolescents may experience what reaction?
Jarisch-Herxheimer
Why does Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction happens after syphilis therapy?
because of the sudden destruction of Spirochetes
During pregnancy, screening for syphilis is performed during what time
at first prenatal visit
is the drug of choice for the treatment of syphilis during pregnancy
One injection of Benzathine Penicillin G
If Group B streptococcal infection can be contracted during pregnancy, consequences can include
UTIs, Intra-amniotic infections, preterm birth, and postpartum endometritis
Pregnancy persons are generally screened for streptococcus B at what number of weeks of pregnanancy
35 to 38 weeks
If neonates can become infected by Streptococcal infection, they can develop what?
*sever pneumonia
*sepsis
*respiratory disease syndrome
*meningitis
is the treatment of choice for Group B Streptococcal infection
A broad-spectrum penicillin such as ampicillin
