Otitis Media

Question 1

Inflammation of the middle ear

Answer 1

Otitis Media

Question 2

Otitis media most often occurs in children aged

Answer 2

children 6 to 36 months of age and again at 4 to 6 years

Question 3

incidence of OM is highest in

Answer 3

winter and spring

Question 3

why are children who are formula-fed are at more risk than breastfed

Answer 3

because they are held in a more reclined position that milk tends to enter the eustachian tube, a medium for infection

Question 4

Symptoms of OM may include:

Answer 4

*ear pain
*fever
*irritability
*lethargy
*nasal discharge

Question 5

Infant who are unable to verbalize the symptoms may do the following:

Answer 5

*become extremely irritable
*frequently pull or tug at the affected ear

Question 6

Most middle ear infections, if bacterial, are caused by the following:

Answer 6

*streptococcus pneumoniae
*haemophilus influenzae
*moraxella catarrhalis
*streptococcus pyrogenes

Question 7

OM, if bacterial is caused by what bacteria especially in children younger than 5 years?

Answer 7

Haemophilus Influenzae

Question 8

children may need pharmacologic agents, analgesics and antipyretics such as

Answer 8

*acetaminophen
*ibuprofen

Question 9

During the course of OM, some children experience a conductive hearing loss, this may last for

Answer 9

may last as long as 6 months after the acute infection

Question 10

is the presence of nonpurulent fluid and inflammation in the cavities of the middle ear

Answer 10

Otitis Media with Effusion (OME)

Question 11

is an immature function of the immune system and dysfunction of the eustachian tubes

Answer 11

Otitis Media with Effusion

Question 12

The peak incidence of OME is

Answer 12

among children aged 1 to 2 years old

Question 13

Predisposing factors of OME include:

Answer 13

*URIs
*bacterial middle ear infections
*viral middle ear infections
*very low-birthweight
*preterm infants
*adenoid hypertrophy
*craniofacial abnormalities
*infective rhinitis

Question 14

in OME, some children notice a feeling of

Answer 14

*fullness
*occasional pain
*sound of popping or ringing in the ears

Question 15

the reduction of the tympanic membrane may

Answer 15

impede sound transmission

Question 16

Color of fluid in the tympanic membrane is yellow or blue, if the condition is chronic it becomes?

Answer 16

color brown

Question 17

Because of the inability of the ossicles to function effectively, there may be a drop in hearing from

Answer 17

15 to 40 dB

Question 18

is the standard treatment for persistent OME

Answer 18

placement of tympanostomy tubes (TT)

Question 19

Tympanostomy Tubes (TT) is indicated if there in an audiometric hearing loss between

Answer 19

25 to 40 dB

Question 20

help to ventilate the cavities of the middle ear and balance the pressure on each side of the tympanic membrane

Answer 20

Tympanostomy Tubes (TT)

Question 21

Short term Tympanostomy Tubes (TT) are used for first-line treatment and fall out between

Answer 21

6 and 18 months or more

Question 22

Long term Tympanostomy Tubes can stay in place for

Answer 22

2 years or more

Question 23

air is supplied to the middle ear by insertion of small plastic tubes inserted through the tympanic membrane

Answer 23

Tubal Myringotomy

Question 24

can be placed in one or both ears as an ambulatory procedure after the local injection of lidocaine

Answer 24

Myringotomy Tubes

Question 25

________ may enhance the clinical effectiveness of TTs in OME compared to treatments with medications of TTs alone.

Answer 25

Adenoidectomy

Question 26

is typically recommended for children over 4 years of age.

Answer 26

Adenoidectomy combined with TT placement.