BURNS

Question 1

are injuries to body tissue caused by excessive heat

Answer 1

Burns

Question 2

excessive heat

Answer 2

greater than 104°F (40°C)

Question 3

burn to the eye may occur from

Answer 3

splashed chemicals

Question 4

To assist with burn classification, determine questions like

Answer 4

“where is the burn?” and “what are its extent and depth?”

Question 5

is a quick method of estimating the extent of a burn.

Answer 5

“rule of nines”

Question 6

When estimating the depth of a burn,

Answer 6

*use the appearance of the burn
*sensitivity of the area to pain

Question 7

Involves the epidermis or outer layer of skin

Answer 7

First Degree Burn

Question 8

Involves the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of skin

Answer 8

Second Degree Burn

Question 9

Involves the epidermis and full extent of the dermis

Answer 9

Third Degree Burn

Question 10

Full thickness burn extending into muscle or bone

Answer 10

Fourth Degree Burn

Question 11

Emergency management for Minor burns

Answer 11

Immediately apply cool water to decrease the skin temperature and prevent further bleeding.

Question 12

these burns are typically blistered

Answer 12

Moderate or second-degree burns

Question 13

For moderate burns, these should be covered wutg

Answer 13

topical anitibiotic such as silver sulfadiazine and burn dressing gauze

Question 14

Emergency management for third or fourth degree burn, care includes

Answer 14

*fluid therapy
*systematic antibiotic therapy
*pain management
*physical therapy

Question 15

what is the goal for the emergency management for severe burns

Answer 15

goal is to prevent disability caused by scarring, infection, or contracture.

Question 16

if blood vessels were burned, what will be present?

Answer 16

active bleeding from the lesion will be present

Question 17

Most children with electric burns are admitted to an observation unit for atleast how many hours

Answer 17

24 hours

Question 18

As a rule, burn dressings are applied

Answer 18

applied loosely for the first 24 hours

Question 19

In applying dressing, ensure that two body surface do not come in contact with each other.

Answer 19

*Sides of the fingers
*back of the ears and the scalp

Question 20

burn is exposed to air

Answer 20

Open burn therapy

Question 21

burn is covered with antibiotic cream and nonadherent gauze

Answer 21

Closed burn therapy

Question 22

is the drug of choice for burn therapy to limit infection at the burn site

Answer 22

Silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene)

Question 23

Silvadene

Answer 23

Silver Sulfadiazine

Question 24

Because Silver sulfadiazine has a sulfa base, it is an effective agent agains

Answer 24

*Both gram negative and positive organisms
*candida

Question 25

If pseudomonas is detected in cultures, what medication is given?

Answer 25

nitrofurazone (Furacin) cream may be applied.

Question 26

cut into the eschar

Answer 26

Escharotomy

Question 27

As natural protection for a burned area, a rigid scab forms over moderately or severely burned areas

Answer 27

an Eschar

Question 28

is the removal of necrotic tissue on which microorganisms could thrive from a burned area to reduce the posibility of infection

Answer 28

Debridement

Question 29

Debridement can be done using

Answer 29

Collagenase (Santyl)

Question 30

an enzyme that dissolves devitalized tissue

Answer 30

Collagenase (Santyl)

Question 31

For manual debridement, children may have to use ________ beforehand to soften and loosen eschar.

Answer 31

20 minutes of hydrotherapy

Question 32

can be a helpful pain management measures for Debridement procedure

Answer 32

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) therapy or patient-controlled analgesia

Question 33

When will the area be ready for skin grafting

Answer 33

about 2 weeks after injury when a full bed of granulation tissue is present

Question 34

is the placement of skin (sterilized and frozen) from cadavers or a donor on the cleaned burn site.

Answer 34

Allografting

Question 35

For allografting. In small children, what may be used

Answer 35

Xenografts, or skin from other sources such as porcine (pig)

Question 36

is a process in which a layer of skin of both epidermis and a part of the dermis is removed from a distal, unburned portion of the child’s body and placed over the prepared burn site.

Answer 36

Autografting

Question 37

Skin for a split-thickness graft is removed from the

Answer 37

buttocks or inner thighs

Question 38

Large burns may require what graft?

Answer 38

Mesh Graft

Question 39

A strip of partial-thickness skin is slit at intervals so that it can be stretched to cover a larger area

Answer 39

Mesh Grafts

Question 40

Autograft sites heal so quickly that they can be reused every

Answer 40

7 to 10 days

Question 41

This graft involves both layers of the skin and are used for deep or very sever burned areas.

Answer 41

Full-thickness grafts

Question 42

For full-thickness grafts, skin for these sites is usually removed from

Answer 42

the back or abdomen.

Question 43

an alternative to skin grafting in a child who does not have enough unburned skin surface for autografting is

Answer 43

Using Artificial Skin